ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืœ"ื’ ื‘ืขื•ืžืจ
  • ืจืฉื‘"ื™
undefined
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืื™ืš ืชื•ืจืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื’ืื•ืœื”?
ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืžื‘ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœื”
ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืžื• ืชื™ื‘ืช ื ื—, ืจืง ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืฉื—ื™ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื•
ื›ืฉื ืฉืชื™ื‘ืช ื ื— ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืžื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื›ืš ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื–ืจืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื”ืจืกื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื ื™ืงื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.
"ื•ึฐื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื”ึฒื•ึธื ื›ึผึฐื’ึทื•ึฐื ึธื ื“ึผึฐืชึตื‘ึทืช ื ึนื—ึท ื“ึผึฐืึดืชึฐื›ึผึฐื ึทืฉื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดื™ืŸ ื•ึธืžึดื™ืŸ, ื”ึธื›ึตื™ ืžึดืชึฐื›ึผึทื ึผึฐืฉืึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื›ึผึธืœ ื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืชึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึทื™ึผึธื ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ืžึดื“ึผื•ึนืช, ื“ึผึฐืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ ื‘ึผึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื™ื—) ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึทืขึทืจ ืœึทื”' ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื‘ึผื•ึน, ื•ึธืึธื—ึณืจึธื ึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื, ืึดืชึฐื“ึผึทื—ึฐื™ึธืŸ ืžึดืชึผึทืžึผึธืŸ" (ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ โ€“ ืกืคืจื ืชื ื™ื ื).
ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืชื™ื‘ืช ื ื— ื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉื—ื™ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ื ื›ื ืก, ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื ื›ื ืกื• ืืœื” ืฉืชื•ืจืชื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคื’ื•ืžื”, ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ืจืช ื”' ื”ืชืžื™ืžื” ืžืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ.

ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื™ื™ืคืชื— ื›ืžื• ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ึผึฐื“ึธืจึธื ื‘ึทืชึฐืจึธืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึผึธื
ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื™ืคืชื— ื‘ึผึฐื“ึธืจึธื ื‘ึทืชึฐืจึธืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึผึธื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, " ื•ึฐื›ึทืžึผึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื ึธืฉืึธื ืœึฐืชึทืชึผึธื ื™ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืจึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผืŸ ืžึตื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื“ึดื™ืœึธืšึฐ, ื›ึผึทื“ ื™ึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึตื™ ืœึฐืชึทืชึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐื“ึธืจึธื ื‘ึทืชึฐืจึธืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึผึธื, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึตื™ื”ึผ 'ื•ึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ' ื•ึฐื’ื•ึน' " (ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื–ื”ืจ ื›ื“/ื). ืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืœืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“, ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื•ืจื•ืข. "ืœึนื ื™ึธืจึตืขื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืฉืึฐื—ึดื™ืชื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืจ ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึธืœึฐืึธื” ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื“ึผึตืขึธื” ืึถืช ื”' ื›ึผึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืœึทื™ึผึธื ืžึฐื›ึทืกึผึดื™ื" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื™ื, ื˜).

ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื™ืฆืื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ื
ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืชื™ื‘ืช ื ื— ืฉื”ื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืฆื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžื›ื™ืœ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœื”. "'ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœึดื™ื ื™ึธื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึผ', ืžึดืกึผึดื˜ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ื ึธื”, ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืœึธื ึธื ื“ึผึฐื—ึทื™ึผึดื™, ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื™ื ึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ ืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ (ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื™ื‘) 'ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœึดื™ื ื™ึทื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื›ึผึฐื–ื•ึนื”ึทืจ ื”ึธืจึธืงึดื™ืขึท' ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื“ึผึดื™ืœึธืšึฐ ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึนื”ึทืจ, ืžึดืŸ ื–ื•ึนื”ึฒืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ืžึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื” ืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื”. ื‘ึผึฐืึดืœึผึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื ืฆึผึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื ึดืกึผึธื™ื•ึนืŸ, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึทืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐืžึดื˜ึฐืขึทื ืžึตืึดื™ืœึธื ึธื ื“ึผึฐื—ึทื™ึผึดื™, ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื”ึทืื™ ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึนื”ึทืจ, ื™ึดืคึผึฐืงื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึดืŸ ื’ึผึธืœื•ึผืชึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึทื—ึฒืžึตื™". ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ื’ืืœ ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.

ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”' ื‘ึผึธื“ึธื“ ื™ึทื ึฐื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืึตืœ ื ึตื›ึธืจ
ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžื•ื ืข ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืจืกื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ืคืฉื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื ืžืงืœืงืœื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื— ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืกื™ืชื™ื ืื•ืชื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื ื—ืฉ ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื• (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘) "ื”' ื‘ึผึธื“ึธื“ ื™ึทื ึฐื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืึตืœ ื ึตื›ึธืจ" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—ืœืง ื’ ื“ืฃ ืงื›ื‘/ื). ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืชืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืชืงืŸ.

ืžืขืœืช ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื•
ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืชื—ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ืฉืžื™ื
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ื’ืื•ืœื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืฆืžื•. ืฉื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื•ื‘ืื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉื™ืชืคืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื. "ืชึผึทื ึฐื™ึธื ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ื–ึดืžึฐื ึธื ื—ึฒื“ึธื, ื”ึฒื•ึธื” ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึธื ืขึทืœึฐืžึผึธื ืœึฐืžึดื˜ึฐืจึธื, ืึธืชื•ึผ ืœึฐืงึธืžึตื™ื”ึผ ื“ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ, ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึตื™ืกึธื ื•ึฐืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึดื–ึฐืงึดื™ึผึธื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ื—ึทื‘ึฐืจึทื™ึผึธื™ื" (ื—ืœืง ื’ ื“ืฃ ื ื˜/ื‘).
ืจืื• ืฉืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืจื‘ื™ ืคื ื—ืก ื‘ืŸ ื™ืื™ืจ ืขื ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ื ื•. ื›ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืชื ืจืฉื‘"ื™ "ืคึผึธืชึทื— ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืœื’) "ืฉืึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึทื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“. ืžึทืื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“". " ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืžึทื”ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึทื” ื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“. ื’ึผึทื, ืœึฐืึทื›ึฐืœึฐืœึธื ืขึดืžึผึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึฐืชึผึธื. ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขื•ึนื“, ืึถืœึผึธื ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืึธืฆึดื™ืช ืœึฐืžึดืœึผื•ึผืœึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื ึดื™ื—ึธื ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึฐื—ึทื“ึผึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื”ื•". ืื ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื, ื”' ืžืฉืจื” ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื ื•ื”ืฉืคืข ื™ื•ืจื“. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืชื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช. ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื˜ืจื ื™ืงืจืื• ื•ืื ื™ ืืขื ื” ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ืืฉืžืข.

ืืžืช ื‘ืœื™ ื—ืฉืฉ - ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื“ึผึธื—ึดื™ืœ ืžึตืขึตื™ืœึผึธื ื•ึผืžึดืชึทืชึผึธื
ื›ืฉื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืคื ื—ืก ื‘ืŸ ื™ืื™ืจ, ืžื’ืœื” ืจื‘ื™ ืคื ื—ืก ื‘ืŸ ื™ืื™ืจ ืžืขืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ "ื“ึผึฐื”ึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดืœึผื•ึนื™ ื‘ึผึฐืึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึฐื™ึธื™ื ืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ". ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื‘ืœื™ ื—ืฉืฉ. " ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื“ึผึธื—ึดื™ืœ ืžึตืขึตื™ืœึผึธื ื•ึผืžึดืชึทืชึผึธื, ืœึฐืžึตื™ืžึทืจ ืœื•ึนืŸ, ืœึธื ื“ึผึธื—ึดื™ืœ ืžึตืขึตื™ืœึผึธื, ื“ึผึฐื”ึธื ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึธื›ึผึทื ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ, ืœึธื ื“ึผึธื—ึดื™ืœ ืžึดืชึผึทืชึผึธื, ื›ึผึฐืึทืจึฐื™ึตื” ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื“ึผึธื—ึดื™ืœ ืžึดื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึธื ึธื". ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”' ืขื™ืžื•. ื•ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืืจื™ื” ืฉืœื ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืขื“ืจื™ ื”ืฆืืŸ.

ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”' ื•ืœื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืขื•ื“ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื” ืฉืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืžืขืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ) "ืึฒ-ื“ึนื ึธึฃื™ ื”ึ—' ื ึธึคืชึทืŸ ืœึดื™ึ™ ืœึฐืฉืึฃื•ึนืŸ ืœึดืžึผื•ึผื“ึดึ”ื™ื ืœึธื“ึทึ›ืขึทืช ืœึธืขึฅื•ึผืช ืึถืชึพื™ึธืขึตึ–ืฃ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธึ‘ืจ ื™ึธืขึดึฃื™ืจื€ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนึฃืงึถืจ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนึ—ืงึถืจ ื™ึธืขึดึฅื™ืจ ืœึดื™ึ™ ืึนึ”ื–ึถืŸ ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนึ–ืขึท ื›ึผึทืœึผึดืžึผื•ึผื“ึดึฝื™ื". ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš. " ื“ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทืืŸ ื“ึผึฐื–ึธื›ึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืจึทื™ึฐื™ืชึธื ื–ึธื›ึตื™ ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื".
" ื•ึฐืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึธื”ึดื™ื‘ ื”ึทืื™ ืœึฐื‘ื•ึผืฆึดื™ื ึธื ืงึทื“ึผึดื™ืฉืึธื, ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ. ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ื“ึผึฐืกึธืœึดื™ืง ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึฐืขึตื™ืœึผึธื ืœึฐืขึตื™ืœึผึธื, ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดืœึผื•ึนื™ ื‘ึผึฐืึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึฐื™ึธื™ื ืึดืชึผึฐืžึธืจื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึธื ืึดืชึฐื›ึผึทืกึฐื™ึธื™ืŸ". ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ื ืชืŸ ื”' ืœืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืขื™ืœื ืœืขื™ืœื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื•. ื•ืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื‘) "ืคึผึถื” ืึถืœ ืคึผึถื” ืึฒื“ึทื‘ึผึถืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืึถื” ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื“ื•ึนืช". ืืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ื— ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ืœืชื•ืจืชื•.

ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื“ืจื’ืช ืžืฉื”
ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•
ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืกื•ื›ื” ืžื” ืข"ื‘) ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื•ื ื”-ืขืฉืจื” ืืœืฃ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”' ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืื™ืจื” ื•ืœ"ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื” ื”ืžืื™ืจื”. ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื• ื”ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื. ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื‘ื’ืžืจื (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืžื˜ ืข"ื‘) ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื” ื”ืžืื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืžืขืœื” ืจืง ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• "ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื ืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืื™ืจื”, ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื ื”ืžืื™ืจื”". ืžืชืจืฅ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื ืืžืจ ื—ื›ื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื” ืžืื™ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•.

ื™ืฉ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืžืขืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•
ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•. ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ืึทืกึฐื”ึทื“ึฐื ึธื ืขึธืœึทื™ ืฉืึฐืžึทื™ึธื™ื ืขึดืœึธืึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐืขึดืœึผึธืึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื ืงึทื“ึผึดื™ืฉืึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื” ื“ึผึฐืขึดืœึผึธืึธื”. ื“ึผึทืึฒื ึธื ื—ึธืžึตื™ ื”ึทืฉืึฐืชึผึธื, ืžึทื” ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื—ึธืžึธื ื‘ึผึทืจ ื ึธืฉื, ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืกึธืœึดื™ืง ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื–ึดืžึฐื ึธื ืชึผึดื ึฐื™ึธื™ื ึธื ืœึฐื˜ื•ึผืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืกึดื™ื ึทื™. ื“ึผึทืึฒื ึธื ื—ึฒืžึตื™ื ึธื ืึทื ึฐืคึผึธืึดื™ ื ึฐื”ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ, ื›ึผึดื ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืฉืึธื ืชึผึทืงึผึดื™ืคึธื, ื“ึผึฐื–ึทืžึผึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืžึตื™ืคึผึทืง ื‘ึผึฐืึทืกึฐื•ึธื•ืชึธื ืœึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึธื. ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึผึดื™ื‘, (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื’) 'ื•ึฐื–ึธืจึฐื—ึธื” ืœึธื›ึถื ื™ึดืจึฐืึตื™ ืฉืึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืžึถืฉื ืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืคึผึตื ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐื ึธืคึถื™ื”ึธ'. ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ื“ึผึทืึฒื ึธื ื™ึฐื“ึทืขึฐื ึธื ื“ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืคึผึธืื™ ื ึฐื”ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึผืžึนืฉืึถื” ืœึธื ื™ึธื“ึทืข ื•ึฐืœึธื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึธื›ึผึทืœ. ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื“) 'ื•ึผืžึนืฉืึถื” ืœึธื ื™ึธื“ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึธืจึทืŸ ืขื•ึนืจ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื•'" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื’ ื“ืฃ ืงืœื‘/ื‘).
ืžืขื™ื“ ืื ื™ ืขืœื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื” ืฉืœื ืจืื” ืื“ื ืžืื– ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืœื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ืžืื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืžืื™ืจื” ื•ืžืจืคืืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืคื ื™ ืžืื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉื” ืœื ื™ื“ืข.

ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื”
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื: "ื•ึฐืึทืœ ื™ึดืคึผึธืœึตื ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืžึดื–ึผึถื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึดื ื”ึฑื™ื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืจึทืฉืึฐื‘ึผึด"ื™ ืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืชึผึฐื ึธืึดื™ื ื–ึธื›ึธื” ืœึฐืžึทืขึฒืœึตื” ื›ึผึธื–ื•ึน ื›ึผึดื™ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื‘ึฐืฉืื•ึนื ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืึตื™ืŸ ืจึฐืฉืื•ึผืช ื‘ึผึฐืคึถื” ืœึฐืคึธืจึตืฉื ืขึดื ึฐื™ึธื ึธื ื”ึทื›ึผึธืžื•ึผืก ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึธืชื•ึผื ืึถืฆึฐืœึตื ื•ึผ. ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื–ึถื” ืึทืœ ืชึผึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตื ืžึดืžึผึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผึฐืกึทืคึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื”ึทืงึฐื“ึผึธืžึธื” ื–ึนืืช ืžึตืขึดื ึฐื™ึธืŸ ื”ึถื—ึธื›ึธื ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ื•ึนืฉื ื”ึทื ึผึดื’ึฐืœึถื” ืึตืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึทื ึผึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื“ื•ึนืจึตื ื•ึผ ื–ึถื” (ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ) ื•ึฐืœึนื ืื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืœึฐืคึธืจึตืฉื.
ื•ึฐืึดื ืชึผึดืจึฐืฆึถื” ืชึผึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ืžึธื” ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืชึทื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทืชึผึดืงึผื•ึผื ึดื™ืŸ ืขึทืœ 'ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ื”ึนืœึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐื“ื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธื' - ื“ึผึธื ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืจึธืขึฒื™ึธื ืžึฐื”ึตื™ืžึธื ึธื ื•ึฐื›ึทื ึผึดื–ึฐื›ึผึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืชึดืงึผื•ึผื ึดื™ื (ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื–ื”ืจ ืงื™ื‘/ื) "ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื—ึทื‘ึฐืจึทื™ึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึทื ืขึดืžึผึทื ึธื, ืขึดืœึผึธืึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืชึทืชึผึธืึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืžึตื”ึตื•ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื, ื–ึทื›ึผึธืึธื”ึผ ื“ึผึธืจึธื ื“ึผึฐื”ึธืึดื™ ืึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึผึฐื™ึธื ื‘ึผึตื”ึผ, ื“ึผึฐืขึธืชึดื™ื“ ื›ึผึปืœึผึตื™ ื”ึทืื™ ืœึฐืึดืชึฐื—ึทื“ึผึฐืฉืึธื ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึธื ื“ึผึฐืžึนืฉืึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐื“ึธืจึธื ื‘ึผึธืชึฐืจึธืึธื”, ืœึฐืงึทื™ึผึฐืžึธื ืงึฐืจึธื (ืงื”ืœืช ื ื˜) ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ'. ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืฉึผืึฐื˜ื•ึผืช ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผื•ึนืจ "ื•ึฐืึดืชึฐืคึผึทืฉึผืึฐื˜ื•ึผืชึถื™ื”ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผึธืจึธื ื•ึฐื“ึธืจึธื, ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืง ื•ึฐื—ึธื›ึธื ื“ึผึฐืžึดืชึฐืขึทืกึผึตืง ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืจึธื™ึฐืชึธื, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึดืชึผึดื™ืŸ ืจึดื‘ึผื•ึนื, ืœึฐืึทืฉืึฐืœึธืžึธื ืœึฐื›ึปืœึผึฐื”ื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึฐื’ึดื™ืžื•ึผ ื“ึผึดืœึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ". ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืกึฐืชื•ึผืžึดื™ื ื•ึทื—ึฒืชื•ึผืžึดื™ืŸ.
ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื–ื›ืื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื•. ื›ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืคืจืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืงืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื ืฉืžื•ืช.

ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืฉืึทืœึผึดื™ื˜ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื
ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึตื™ืกึธื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ืœื ืจืง ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืกื ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ืœึดืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ื•ึผืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื” ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื” ืžึฐืึนื“ ื•ึฐืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืœึตื‘ ื›ึผึทื—ื•ึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ืฉื‚ึฐืคึทืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธื", ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืื• ืืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื "ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ืึตืช ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึทืช ืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ืžึตืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉืึธืžึฐืขื•ึผ ืึถืช ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธืชื•ึน". ื›ืš ืžื’ื™ืข ื—ื™ืจื ืžืœืš ืฆื•ืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืœืžื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ื—ึดื™ืจึธื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืฆื•ึนืจ ืึถืช ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืึถืœ ืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืžึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ืึนืชื•ึน ืžึธืฉืึฐื—ื•ึผ ืœึฐืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืึธื‘ึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึนื”ึตื‘ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื—ึดื™ืจึธื ืœึฐื“ึธื•ึดื“ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื” ื˜-ื˜ื•).
ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืžืชืืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ืจื ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืฉืœืžื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืขืฆื™ ืืจื–ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืจืง ืฉืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื›ืžืช ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึทื”' ื ึธืชึทืŸ ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ืœึดืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ืœื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืฉืึธืœึนื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื—ึดื™ืจึธื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดื›ึฐืจึฐืชื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืจึดื™ืช ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื, ื” ื›ื•). ืฉื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ ืžืชื”ืคืš ืœืฉื ื”ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื•. ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืกื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืฉืœืžื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื—ื™ืจื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ืจื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ืชื• "ืžื•ึนืฉืึธื‘ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึธืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื’ื•ึน'" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื›ื—) ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื›ืžืช ืฉืœืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื. ืžืกื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืกื ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” " ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธืื™, ืฉืึทืœึผึดื™ื˜ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื, ื›ึผึธืœ ืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ ื“ึผึฐืกึทืœึผึฐืงึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืจึฐื’ึผื•ึนื™, ืœึธื ืกึทืœึผึฐืงึดื™ืŸ ืึถืœึผึธื ืœึฐืึทืฉืึฐืœึฐืžึธื ืขึดืžึผึตื™ื”ึผ".

ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘
ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ, ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื™ืฉืขื™ื” (ื‘ ื‘) "ื•ึฐื ึธื”ึฒืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื". ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื (ื‘"ื‘ ื– ืข"ื). ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืฆืžื”, ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ื™ ื ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืจ". ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืื•ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘ (ืื™ื›ื” ืจื‘ื” ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื‘). ื•ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืงึฅื•ึผืžึดื™ ืึ–ื•ึนืจึดื™ ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ื‘ึธึฃื ืื•ึนืจึตึ‘ืšึฐ ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ึฅื•ึนื“ ื”ึ–' ืขึธืœึทึฅื™ึดืšึฐ ื–ึธืจึธึฝื—: ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพื”ึดื ึผึตึคื” ื”ึทื—ึนึ™ืฉืึถืšึฐึ™ ื™ึฐื›ึทืกึผึถื”ึพืึถึ”ืจึถืฅ ื•ึทืขึฒืจึธืคึถึ–ืœ ืœึฐืึปืžึผึดึ‘ื™ื ื•ึฐืขึธืœึทึ™ื™ึดืšึฐึ™ ื™ึดื–ึฐืจึทึฃื— ื”ึ”' ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ึ–ื•ึน ืขึธืœึทึฅื™ึดืšึฐ ื™ึตืจึธืึถึฝื”: ื•ึฐื”ึธืœึฐื›ึฅื•ึผ ื’ื•ึนื™ึดึ–ื ืœึฐืื•ึนืจึตึ‘ืšึฐ ื•ึผืžึฐืœึธื›ึดึ–ื™ื ืœึฐื ึนึฅื’ึทื”ึผ ื–ึทืจึฐื—ึตึฝืšึฐ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืก, ื-ื“).

ืคืฉื˜ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื” ืœื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื: "ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืื” ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืจื ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ืจืง ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœืžื˜ื” ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื–ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื• ื•ื™ื•ืคื™ื• ื•ืžืขืœืชื•. ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื›ืคืฉื˜ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื•ื ื”ื™ื›ืจ ื•ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืœื™ื“ืข ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ื—ืงื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืขืช ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ื›ื™ ืžื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ืืœืงื™ื›ื ืืชื›ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ืŸ ื›ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืœื™ื, ืœื™ืงื— ืงืจืŸ ื•ืœืชืงื•ืข ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื•ืืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื˜ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื˜ืจื’ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชืขืจื‘.

ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘
ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืกื•ื‘ืœื. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื”? ื•ืขืœ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ 'ืื ืฆื“ืงืช ืžื” ืชืชืŸ ืœื• ื•ืื ื—ื˜ืืช ืžื” ืชืคืขืœ ื‘ื•' ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื“ืš. ืืžื ื ื‘ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืขืกืง ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ืคืš. ืื ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื ืืžืจ 'ืชื ื• ืขื•ื– ืœืืœื”ื™ื'. ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘.

ื”ื‘ื ืช ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช
ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“, ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช "ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœืžื•ื“ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืืœื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืคื• ื ืงื™ ื‘ืชื—ืœื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”, ื•ื”ื ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื. ื•ืื—"ื› ืชื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช 'ื ืจ ื”' ื ืฉืžืช ืื“ื' ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื” ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืฉื™ืช ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื•ืžืื™ืจื”, ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื• ื›ื— ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืชืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืžื ื™ ื—ืฉืš. ื•ื–ื” ืกื•ื“ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง 'ืžืฆื•ืช ื”' ื‘ืจื” ืžืื™ืจืช ืขื™ื ื™ื' ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืชืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื›ืœ".

ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ
ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ, ืงื•ึผื ืึทืคึฐืชึผึทื— ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดืงึผื•ึผื“ึดื™ืŸ, ื“ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืชึผึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนื–ึดืจ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืกึดื˜ึฐืจึธื
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื™ืฉ ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื "ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื" ืฉืชืจื’ื•ืžื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ืขื” ื”ื ืืžืŸ. ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ืืžืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืชื—ืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช "ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื".
ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื’ ืงื›ื“/ื) ืงื•ืจื ืžืฉื” ืœืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”. "ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ, ืงื•ึผื ืึทืคึฐืชึผึทื— ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดืงึผื•ึผื“ึดื™ืŸ, ื“ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืชึผึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนื–ึดืจ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืกึดื˜ึฐืจึธื. ื“ึผึฐื”ึธื ืขึฒืœึธืšึฐ ืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ ื‘ึผึฐืงึทื“ึฐืžึดื™ืชึธื, ืคึผึดื ึฐื—ึธืก ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ. ื•ึผื‘ึถืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืึธื— ื“ึผึดื™ืœึดื™, (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™ื–) 'ืึธื— ืœึฐืฆึผึธืจึธื” ื™ึดื•ึผึธืœึตื“". ืืœื™ื”ื• ืงื•ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ืคื™ืงื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืขื”, ืขืœื™ืš ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืฆืœืช ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืืชื” ื ื›ื“ ืฉืœ ืื—ื™ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ, ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ " ืึธื— ืœึฐืฆึผึธืจึธื” ื™ึดื•ึผึธืœึตื“".

ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืืœื™ื”ื• ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ
ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืืœื™ื”ื• ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืžืฉื” ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืขื ืฉืžืกื™ืช ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ืฉืœ "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึดื˜ึผึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึธื—ึถืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืœึดื–ึฐื ื•ึนืช ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึนืช ืžื•ึนืึธื‘: ื•ึทืชึผึดืงึฐืจึถืืŸึธ ืœึธืขึธื ืœึฐื–ึดื‘ึฐื—ึตื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืื›ึทืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ื•ึผ ืœึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฆึผึธืžึถื“ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐื‘ึทืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื—ึทืจ ืึทืฃ ื”' ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ืžืฉื” ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื, "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืงึฐืจึตื‘ ืึถืœ ืึถื—ึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดื“ึฐื™ึธื ึดื™ืช ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ืžืฉืึถื” ื•ึผืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื”ึตืžึผึธื” ื‘ึนื›ึดื™ื ืคึผึถืชึทื— ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“". ืžืฉื” ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื–ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคื ื—ืก. "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ืคึผึดื™ื ึฐื—ึธืก ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึธื ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืจึนืžึทื— ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน: ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ืึทื—ึทืจ ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืงึผึปื‘ึผึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดื“ึฐืงึนืจ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืึตืช ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึธืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึถืœ ืงึณื‘ึธืชึธื”ึผ ื•ึทืชึผึตืขึธืฆึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทื’ึผึตืคึธื” ืžึตืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื” ื•). ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืคื ื—ืก ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.

ื”ืขื–ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืฉืžื—ื˜ื™ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื”ืขื–ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื—ืื‘ ื•ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ. ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืžืกื™ืชื” ืืช ืื—ืื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจืข ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”' "ืจึทืง ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื›ึฐืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึดืชึฐืžึทื›ึผึตืจ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื”' ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึตืกึทืชึผึธื” ืึนืชื•ึน ืึดื™ื–ึถื‘ึถืœ ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึน" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื ื›ื”). ื”ื™ื ืžืกื™ืชื” ืืช ืื—ืื‘ ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื–ืจืขืืœื™ ื•ืžืฉื—ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื›ื”). ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืจื’ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”' ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื™ื— ื“), ื•ืžืื›ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื” ืžืื•ืช ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื•ืืฉื™ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื˜ื™ืื• ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืฉืคืœื”.
ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืกื—ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืื—ืื‘ ืฉืžื•ืกืช ืžืืฉืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ "ื ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึตื™ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ื•ึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผื ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒืฉืึตืจึธื” ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืึนื›ึฐืœึตื™ ืฉืึปืœึฐื—ึทืŸ ืึดื™ื–ึธื‘ึถืœ" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื, ื™ื— ื™ื˜). ืื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”' ืฉื™ืจืื• ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš. ืœื™ื‘ื ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ืžืœื›ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”ืฉืงืจ ื”ืœืœื• ืžืกื™ืชื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื›ืจืžืœ: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืขึทื“ ืžึธืชึทื™ ืึทืชึผึถื ืคึผึนืกึฐื—ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ื”ึทืกึผึฐืขึดืคึผึดื™ื ืึดื ื”' ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึดื ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขึธื ื•ึผ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึนืชื•ึน ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ".
ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื ื›ื™ ื”' ืฉื•ืžืข ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื• ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืžืข ืœื”ืชื’ื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื•ื”ืืฉืจื”. "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึผึฐืœื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื”' ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื”' ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื". ื›ืš ืขื•ื–ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ื—ื˜ื ื•ืœืงืฉืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื ืžื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช โ€“ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—
ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ืคื ื™ืช ืžืฉื” ืœืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. "ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ, ืงื•ึผื ืึทืคึฐืชึผึทื— ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดืงึผื•ึผื“ึดื™ืŸ, ื“ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืชึผึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนื–ึดืจ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืกึดื˜ึฐืจึธื". ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื ื” ืืœื™ื• ื›ื™ ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืœืื›ื™ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื "ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืฉืึนืœึตื—ึท ืœึธื›ึถื ืึตืช ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื” ื”ึทื ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึผื•ึนื ื™ื•ึนื ื”' ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผื•ึนืจึธื: ื•ึฐื”ึตืฉืึดื™ื‘ ืœึตื‘ ืึธื‘ื•ึนืช ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืœึตื‘ ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืึฒื‘ื•ึนืชึธื ืคึผึถืŸ ืึธื‘ื•ึนื ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึผึตื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื—ึตืจึถื" (ืžืœืื›ื™ ืคืจืง ื’ ื›ื’).
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืคื•ื ื” ืžืฉื” ืœืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืช ืœื•ื—ืžืช ื”ื ื’ืจืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื‘ืœืขื ืฉื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืฉืžืฉืชืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ืœื™ื‘ื• ื•ืžื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืš ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ืœื™ื‘ื ื•ืžื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืกื™ืชื• ืื•ืชื ืžื“ืจืš ื”'. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื ืงื•ืจื ืœืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืœื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.

ื™ืœื›ื• ืื—ืจื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• โ€“ ื™ื™ื ืฆืœื•, ื•ืื ืœืื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื
ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืคึผึฐืงึธื ึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึฐืจึทื™ึฐื™ืชึธื, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช: "ื•ึผื›ึฐื’ึทื•ึฐื•ื ึธื ื“ึผึฐืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ ื‘ึฐืขึทืžึตื™ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืžึดืกึผึดื˜ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘, (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื˜) ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐื™ึทืฆึผึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืชึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ืช ื”ึธื”ึธืจ. ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืคึผึฐืงึธื ึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึฐืจึทื™ึฐื™ืชึธื". ืื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ืฉืžืขื• ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื - ืžื•ึผื˜ึธื‘, ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื• ืฉืึธื ืชึผึฐื”ึตื ืงึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึทืชึฐื›ึถื. ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื™ืžึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืคึผึฐืงึธื ื•ึผ ืคึผื•ึผืจึฐืงึธื ึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึฐืจึทื™ึฐื™ืชึธื, ืึดื ืชึผึฐืงึทื‘ึผึฐืœื•ึผืŸ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ื•ึนืŸ ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืคึผึฐืงึธื ื•ึผ ื“ึผึฐื’ึธืœื•ึผืชึธื, ื›ึผึฐืึธื“ึธื ื“ึผึฐืจึธื›ึดื™ื‘ ืขึทืœ ืกื•ึผืกึฐื™ึธื, ื•ึฐืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึธื ื“ึผึดืžึฐืฉืึทืžึผึตืฉื ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืžื•ึผื˜ึธื‘. ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื• ืชึผึทืžึผึธืŸ ืชึผึฐื”ึตื ืงึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึทืชึฐื›ึถื, ื‘ึผึฐื’ึธืœื•ึผืชึธื".

ื›ืžื• ืฉืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืจื“ืคื” ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”
ืื™ื–ื‘ืœ ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื ืก ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื›ืจืžืœ. ืื—ืื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืœื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืชืจื’ืฉืช: "ื•ึทื™ึผึทื’ึผึตึคื“ ืึทื—ึฐืึธื‘ึ™ ืœึฐืึดื™ื–ึถึ”ื‘ึถืœ ืึตึ›ืช ื›ึผึธืœึพืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธึ–ื” ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธึ‘ื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึตึจืช ื›ึผึธืœึพืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ื”ึธืจึทึ›ื’ ืึถืชึพื›ึผึธืœึพื”ึทื ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืึดึ–ื™ื ื‘ึผึถื—ึธึฝืจึถื‘", ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื• "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทึคื— ืึดื™ื–ึถึ™ื‘ึถืœึ™ ืžึทืœึฐืึธึ”ืšึฐ ืึถืœึพืึตืœึดื™ึผึธึ–ื”ื•ึผ ืœึตืืžึนึ‘ืจ ื›ึผึนึฝื”ึพื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึคื•ึผืŸ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ืึ™ ื•ึฐื›ึนึฃื” ื™ื•ึนืกึดืคึ”ื•ึผืŸ ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพื›ึธืขึตึคืช ืžึธื—ึธืจึ™ ืึธืฉื‚ึดึฃื™ื ืึถึฝืชึพื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธึ” ื›ึผึฐื ึถึ–ืคึถืฉื ืึทื—ึทึฅื“ ืžึตื”ึถึฝื" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื, ื™ื˜ ื-ื’).

ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืชื™ื”ืคืš ืœืžื™ื ื•ืช โ€“ ื•ื™ืจืื™ ื”' ื™ืžืืกื•
ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืœื ื™ื”ืจื’ื• ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืืœื ื™ืจื“ืคื• ืื•ืชื. "ื‘ึผึฐืขึดืงึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื—ึปืฆึฐืคึผึธื ื™ึดืกึฐื’ึผึตื ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ', ื•ึผืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช ืชึผึตื”ึธืคึตืšึฐ ืœึฐืžึดื™ื ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืชึผื•ึนื›ึทื—ึทืช. ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื•ึทืขึทื“ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึดื–ึฐื ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ'. ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœ ื™ึฐืกื•ึนื‘ึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ืœึฐืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึฐื—ื•ึนื ึผึธื ื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื—ึทื›ึฐืžื•ึนืช ืกื•ึนืคึฐืจึดื™ื ืชึผึดืกึฐืจึทื— ื•ึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึตื™ ื—ึตื˜ึฐื ื™ึดืžึผึธืึตืกื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ืชึผึฐื”ึตื ื ึถืขึฑื“ึถืจึถืช ื ึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื–ึฐืงึตื ึดื™ื ื™ึทืœึฐื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึผ" (ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื˜ ืข"ื‘).

ืื™ืš ื ืจืื™ืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช?
ืื™ืš ืชืจืื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•? ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ "ืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ ืขึฒืชึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ, ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทืœึฐื•ึธื”, ื‘ึผึฐื—ึถื“ึฐื•ึธื•ื, ื‘ึผึฐืœึธื ืฆึผึทืขึฒืจึธื, ื‘ึผึฐืœึธื ื™ึฐื’ื•ึนื ึธื ื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ" ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื“ื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืฆืขืจ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ. " ื’ึผึทื–ึฐืœึธื ึดื™ืŸ ืžึธืืจึตื™ ืฉืื•ึนื—ึทื“, ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ ื“ึผึทื™ึผึธื™ื ึดื™ืŸ ืจึตื™ืฉืึตื™ ืขึทืžึผึธื " ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืขื ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื—ื“. "ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึธืœึฐืึธื” ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื—ึธืžึธืก ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•) ืขึธืœึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ ืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ (ืื™ื›ื” ื) "ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฆึผึธืจึถื™ื”ึธ ืœึฐืจึนืืฉื".
ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“ ื™ืชื ื• ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื™ื•ื ืงืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืœื "ื•ึฐืœึธื ื™ึทื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืŸ ืœื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืชึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืกึทื’ึผึดื™ืึดื™ืŸ ืึถืœึผึธื ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืงึธืฆึผื•ึผื‘, ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื™ึฐื”ึตื ืชึผึฐืงื•ึผืžึธื” ืœึดื ึฐืคึดื™ืœื•ึผ ื“ึผึดืœึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ , ื•ึทืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืขึธื”". ื™ื–ืœื–ืœื• ื‘ื”ื "ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื—ึทื™ึดืœ ื•ึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึตื™ ื—ึตื˜ึฐื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึผึทืขึฒืจึธื ื‘ึผึฐื“ื•ึนื—ึฒืงึธื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื’ื•ึนื ึธื, ื—ึฒืฉืึดื™ื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึดื›ึฐืœึธื‘ึดื™ื (ืžื™ื›ื” ื“) ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ื”ึทืžึฐืกื•ึผืœึธืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืคึผึธื– ืึตื™ื›ึธื” ื ึถื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืœึฐื ึดื‘ึฐืœึตื™ ื—ึถืจึถืฉื‚ ื‘ึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ื›ึผึธืœ ื—ื•ึผืฆึผื•ึนืช. ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ืึทืฉืึฐื›ึผึธื—ื•ึผ ืึทื›ึฐืกึทื ึฐื™ึธื ื‘ึผึตื™ื ึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ".
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื‘ื™ืข ืžืฉื” ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืขื›ื‘ ื•ื™ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช: "ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืจึทืขึฐื™ึธื ืžึฐื”ึตื™ืžึธื ึธื, ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืžึธืึธื” ืขึฒืœึธืšึฐ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึธื ื“ื”', ืœึธื ืชึผึฐืึทื—ึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึฐืชึผึธืšึฐ, ื“ึผึฐื”ึธื ืึฒื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึผึทืขึฒืจึธื ืกึทื’ึผึตื™ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘) ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึถืŸ ื›ึผึนื” ื•ึธื›ึนื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึตื™ืŸ ืึดื™ืฉื, ืขื•ึนื–ึดืจ ืœึดื™, ืœึฐืึทืคึผึธืงึธื ืœึดื™ ืžึตื”ึทืื™ ืฆึผึทืขึฒืจึธื".

ืื™ืš ื ืจืื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื?
ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื: "ื’ื ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืชืงื•ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื™ื“ ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื• 'ื•ืื ืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืืชื’ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืื™ืช ืžืืŸ ื“ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืืชื’ืœื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” ืืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคื™ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืช ืžืืŸ ื“ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืืชื’ืœื™ื™ื ืœื™ื” ื‘ื˜ืžื™ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื•ื›ื•''. ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื’ืื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ืข"ื ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืกื•ื“ ื™ืฉืจื™ื (ื—ืœืง ื’ - ืฉืืœื” ื“) ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื. "ื•ึฐืจึทืง ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึผึดื™ื“ ืœึฐืšึธ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดืœึผื•ึผื™ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื›ื•ึผืจ ืœึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘, ื“ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ึผึฐืขึดื ึฐื™ึทืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื–ึฐื›ึผึถื” ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึตื ื•ึผ ื”ึธืึฒืจึด"ื™ ื–ึท"ืœ, ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื–ึถื” ืงึธืฉืึถื” ื”ึทืžึผึฐืฆึดื™ืื•ึผืช ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืจื•ึนืช ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืจื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนื ึดื™ื, ื‘ึผึฐืจึทื ื‘ึผึธื–ึนืืช ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืœึฐื”ึทืึฒืžึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื’ึผึดืœึผื•ึผื™ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื›ื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึตืœ ืฉืึถืœ ื”ึทืฆึผึทื“ึผึดื™ืง, ื“ึผึฐื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ื™ึดืชึฐืœึทื‘ึผึตืฉื ื ึดื™ืฆื•ึนืฅ ืžึดืŸ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื›ื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึตื›ึถืœ ืฉืึถืœ ื”ึทืฆึผึทื“ึผึดื™ืง ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนืจึถื” ืœื•ึน ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช, ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึผึทื“ึผึดื™ืง ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžึทืจึฐื’ึผึดื™ืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดืœึผื•ึผื™ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื›ื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดื›ึฐืœื•ึน, ืึถืœึผึธื ื—ื•ึนืฉืึตื‘ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึดื™ื’ ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดื›ึฐืœื•ึน, ื•ึผื‘ึถืึฑืžึถืช ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื›ึผึตืŸ ืึถืœึผึธื ื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึดื™ื’ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื”ึดืชึฐืœึทื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืช ื ึดื™ืฆื•ึนืฅ ืžึดืŸ ืึตืœึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื›ื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดื›ึฐืœื•ึน".
ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืง ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ื”ืกืชืจ. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื. ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื”
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื: ืœืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฆืื ื–, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืกืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืฆืœื™ื—. ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืœืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื– ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืฆืคืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืฉื™ื™ืงื— ืขืฉืจื” ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืœื›ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™. ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื™ืฉืœื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืกื›ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ. ืœืงื— ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฉืจื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™, ื•ื”ืขืกืงื” ืื›ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื ืจืง ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื.
ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืš, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืื•ืชื ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืจื™ืงื. ืคื ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’. ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื. ืืžืจ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืœืจื‘: ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช, ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœืชืš. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ืชื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœื™ื•, ืœื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ืื—ืจืช ืœื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ. ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ: ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชื—ืชื•ื ื•ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืชืŸ ืœืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื.
ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืขืกืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื ืื“ื ื‘ื ืชื ื™ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชืงืขื• ื›ืฃ ื•ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื›ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืขืกืงื”. ื”ืœืš ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื•, ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื–, ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื• ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื•. ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืœืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื. ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื–ื“ื”ื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื” ืืช ืงื•ืœื•. ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื” ื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืฉื”ื•, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื•ื”ืœื•ื ืืชื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืœืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืคืช.
ื”ืชื—ืžืง ื”ืื™ืฉ ื•ื ื™ืกื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื‘: ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื•ืœืš. ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืš, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”' ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืš ื’ืžื•ืœืš ื‘ืจืืฉืš. ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืื ืชืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืœืš ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืกืชื“ืจ ืœืš ื’ื ื›ืืŸ.
ื”ืœืš ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืœืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื– ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื–: ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• - ืกื•ืœื ืžื•ืฆื‘ ืืจืฆื” ื•ืจืืฉื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืืœื™ื•, ืฉืืชื” ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืœืš ืžื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆืคืช ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืกืชื“ืจ ืœืš.
ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื’ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืžื•ืœื• ื”ืชื—ืจื˜ ื•ืฉื™ืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—.


ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื . ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืงื‘ืจื™ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื? ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืก?
ืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืก. ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ืœืงื‘ืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ืงื‘ืจ ืจื—ืœ โ€“ ืžื•ืชืจ.
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il