ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื
  • ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
163
3 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืจื—ืœ ื‘ืช ื™ืงื•ื˜

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื•ื™ื ื”, ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื” Vienna, Austria
ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืก"ื—

ื’ื“ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช

ืฉืืœื”
ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง" (597)
ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
327 - ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื
328 - ื’ื“ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช
329 - ื“ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฆื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจ ืืžื•ืช
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ืื ื• ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื ื ืฉืืจื• ื›ืœืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื.
ื. ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืชืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช? ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™.
ื‘. ืžื” ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื‘ื—ืœืง ืฉืœื ืงื‘ืจื• ื‘ื•, ืืฃ ืฉืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืงื™ื“ืฉื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—? ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื™ื“ืื’ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืชื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืจื™ื?
ื’. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืฉื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉื™ื ืฉื ืื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžืฆื‘ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช. ื”ืื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืœื˜ ื’ื“ื•ืœ? ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื•ืช ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ื. ืžืฆื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ืืœื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืง ื“' ืืžื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื, ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืขืฉืจื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื 1 . ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช 2 .
ื‘. ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืืฃ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืงื‘ืจื™ื, ืืœื ืื ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช 3 . ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื” ื›ืœืœ โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ 4 .
ื’. ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื™ื“ ืฉื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ. ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืคื™ ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• 5 .



^ 1. ืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ืืžื ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื ื— ืข"ื) ืžืฆืื ื•: "ืจ' ื‘ื ืื” ื”ื•ื” ืงื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืชื". ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื (ืฉื ื“"ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื ืื”): "ืขืฉื” ืฉื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื“, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ืื• ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื›ืืŸ, ืฉืœื ื™ืื”ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ืจ". ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืžืื• ื”ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช. ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื–ืžื ื ื• ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช, ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื–ื”ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช, ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืจ. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืฉืขื ืกืข' ื”) ืฉืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ืื”ื™ืœ ืขืœ ืžืช, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ื“' ืืžื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืจ, ืืœื ืื ืžืคืกื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืขืฉืจื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื. ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืง ื“' ืืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื—ืงืช ื“' ืืžื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื“ ืข"ื): "ืžืช ืชื•ืคืก ืžืงื•ืžื•" โ€“ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื (ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืฉืกื‘ ื“"ื” "ืืฆืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง", ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง" ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขื“) ืœืžื“ื• ืžื›ืš ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื” ื’ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ืจืฉืข ืืฆืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง.
^ 2. ืกื‘ืจืช ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื’ืจื–"ื  ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’.
^ 3. ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืฉืกื“ ืกืข' ื) ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืงื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืงื‘ืจื• ื‘ื•, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ื™ืœืง ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืงื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืงืจืงืข ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจ. ืืš ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ืื‘ืœ ืคืจืง ื™ื“ ื”ืœ' ื™ื’) ืคืกืง ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืื” ื•ืœื ื—ื™ืœืง, ืืฃ ืฉื—ื™ืœืง ืฉื (ื”ืœ' ื™ื–) ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“. ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื›ืืŸ ื”"ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื˜ื• ืข"ื ืžื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ) ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื•ื”ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ืฉืœ ื›ืจื›ื™ื, ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืงื™ืข ืื•ืชื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื–' ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื›ื• ืข"ื, ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืงื ื’ ืกืข' ื–). ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื" ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ื“ืขืช ื›ื”ืŸ" (ืœืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ืกื™' ืจื), ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื—ื“ื• ืฉื˜ื— ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืชื™ื, ืžืชืงื“ืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื™ื™ื—ื“ื• ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ืืฃ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื˜ืจื ืงื‘ืจื• ื‘ื•. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ" (ื˜ื– ืกื™' ืœื•) ื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืกื›ื™ื ืขืžื. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘"ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”" (ื™ื•"ื“ ื‘ ืกื™' ืงืœื), ืฉื“ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื’ื•ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืจื—ืงื”, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื“ืŸ ืฉื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืœื›ืš. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ื“ืขืช ื›ื”ืŸ" (ืฉื) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื ื• ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื™ื‘ื” ืœืชืช ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืจื—ื™ืงื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืจืื•ื™ (ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•). ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื ื• ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืื™ื‘ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ื–ื”.
^ 4. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘"ื“ืขืช ื›ื”ืŸ" (ืฉื), ืฉื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื ืชืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื˜ื—, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื—, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžื– ืข"ื‘) ืฉ"ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืœืื• ืžื™ืœืชื ื”ื™ื" (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืงื ื’ ืกืข' ื— ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช) ืขื“ ืฉื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
^ 5. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ืืžื ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื™ื“, ืืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื“ื™ื•.
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ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื

ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"
ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined

    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il