ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ืžืืžืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ืคืจืงื™ ื”ืชื "ืš
  • ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื
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8 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื (ื ื•,ื™ื˜-ื›ื‘) ืžืชื•ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืจ (ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื) ืฉื‘ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช, ื•ืžืชื•ืืจืช ืฉื ื’ื ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื–ื”ื‘.
"ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึดื™ืžึธื” ื”ึตื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืชึดืชึผึตืŸ ืฉืึธื ืึถืช ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ื”': ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ืึทืžึผึธื” ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ื•ึฐืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ืึทืžึผึธื” ืจึนื—ึทื‘ ื•ึฐืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึดื™ื ืึทืžึผึธื” ืงื•ึนืžึธืชื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทืคึผึตื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืกึธื’ื•ึผืจ ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทืฃ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึธืจึถื–: ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทืฃ ืฉืึฐืœึนืžึนื” ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึดื™ืžึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืกึธื’ื•ึผืจ ื•ึทื™ึฐืขึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืจึทืชึผื•ึผืงื•ึนืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทืคึผึตื”ื•ึผ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘: ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ืฆึดืคึผึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืขึทื“ ืชึผึนื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธื™ึดืช ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืฆึดืคึผึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘:"

ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื ืงืจื ื›ืืŸ "ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืฉื”ื•ื 'ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื'. ื’ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื ืชืŸ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืฉืœืžื”, ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื‘ืฆืžื•ื“ ืœื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ื™ืจ: "ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ื”ึทืงึผึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืžึฐื–ึปืงึผึธืง ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืงึธืœ ื•ึผืœึฐืชึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึถืจึฐื›ึผึธื‘ึธื” ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจึปื‘ึดื™ื ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืœึฐืคึนืจึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืกึนื›ึฐื›ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ื”': ื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘ ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ื”' ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ ื›ึผึนืœ ืžึทืœึฐืึฒื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืช:" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื, ื›ื—,ื™ื—-ื™ื˜). ืื•ืœื ืœื ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืืฆืœ ืฉืœืžื”, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœืžื” ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช.

ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื ื‘ื ื” ืžืื‘ืŸ.
ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ื”ืจื“"ืง ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื” ืืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืžืื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืืจื–, ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื–ื”ื‘. ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ืคื• ื‘ืืจื– ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืฆื•ืคื• ื‘ื–ื”ื‘.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคื (ืคืจืง ืœื’) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ืฉื‘ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืชืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืืช ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื™ืฆืจื• ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื˜ืœื˜ื•ืœ. ืืš ืฉืœืžื” ืจืฆื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ื, ืฉืžืžื ื• ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื. ื•ื–"ืœ (ืฉื): "ืื—ืจื™ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืœืžื” ืœืกืชื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืžื–ื‘ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกื™ืจ ืžืžื ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื•ื™ื’ื ื•ื– ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืคืฅ, ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืจืฆืคืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื•, ื•ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืฆื™ ืืจื–ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขืฆื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื... ื•ื’ื ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ื–ื”ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื›ืžืฉืคื˜ื•".

ืืžื ื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ืงืฉื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืขืฅ ื•ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื–ื”ื‘, (ืจืื• ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื“ืฃ ื›ื•,ื‘ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืฉื). ื•ืื ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื” ืžื–ื‘ื— ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืžืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืจืฆืคื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉื‘ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื‘ื ื™ื, ื•ืื›ืŸ ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.

ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื
ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ"ื: "ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืืžื” ืขืœ ืืžื”, ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ืืžื”, ืฉื™ื”ื ื›ืคื•ืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืœ, ืฉืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืืจื–, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฆื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืืจื– ื‘ื–ื”ื‘". ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ืฉืœืžื” ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืื•ืจืš ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”, ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืจื– ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘, ื•ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื ื–ื”ื‘, ื•ื›ืš ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ืืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ืืžื•ืช.
ืืžื ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื• ืขืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžื—ื˜ื ืืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ื“ื ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืœื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื“ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช 1 . ื•ื”ืจื™ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช ื‘ืžื–ื‘ื— ื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื“ืง ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช
ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื ืจืื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ืจืช ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคื. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืฉืฉืœืžื” ืœืงื— ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืจื– (ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื). ืื•ืœื ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื•, ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช (ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื). ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื ืืžืจ "ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ื˜ึทื‘ึผึฐืขึนืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึผื•ึน ืžึดืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐื–ึตืจื•ึน ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ืฆึทืœึฐืขึนืชึธื™ื•", ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื”'ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš' (ืงื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื‘ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžืื™ื“ืš ืฉืœืžื” ืจืฆื” ืœืฉื•ื•ืช ืื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช (ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื), ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืจื– ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ืกืชื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช. ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ืคื” ืืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืจื– ื‘ื–ื”ื‘. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืฆึดืคึผึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘", ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฆื•ืคื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื–ื”ื‘, ื’ื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื ื” ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืจื– ื”ื“ืงื™ื ืฉื ื•ืกืคื• ืœื”ืกืชืจืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช.

ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืจื– ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™
ืœืฉืœืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉื•ื•ืช ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ื•ืช ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข. ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื˜ ืืคืจื™ื ื”ื•ืจื’ืœื• ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื ื—ืœืช ืืคืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš 369 ืฉื ื™ื. ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืฉืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข ื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื ื—ืœืชื. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืช ืฉืœืžื” ืžืจื“ื• ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ืขื, ื•ื™ืจื‘ืขื ื‘ื ื” ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ ื•ื”ืงื™ื ืขื’ืœ ื’ื ื‘ื“ืŸ. ืฉืœืžื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื›ืš ื•ืจืฆื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉืœืžื” ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืชื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืœื˜ืœื• ืขื•ื“ ืืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.
ืื•ืœื ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ ืฉื—ืœืง ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืฉื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื˜ืœื”, ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ืžื”ื ื”ืชืื—ื“ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื ืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืฉื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ, ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื‘ื ื• ืืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืขื ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื ืจืื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื• ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืจื– ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืžืกืชื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช.

ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื
ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืฉื ืžืกืจื” ืœืฉืœืžื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื: "ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ื”ึทืงึผึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืžึฐื–ึปืงึผึธืง ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืงึธืœ ื•ึผืœึฐืชึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึถืจึฐื›ึผึธื‘ึธื” ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจึปื‘ึดื™ื ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืœึฐืคึนืจึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืกึนื›ึฐื›ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ื”': ื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘ ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ื”' ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ ื›ึผึนืœ ืžึทืœึฐืึฒื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืช:" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื, ื›ื—,ื™ื—-ื™ื˜). ื•ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื (ื ื•,ื›ื‘) ืžืชื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืžืข ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืฆึดืคึผึธื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘". ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ, ื-ื•): "ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืžึดืงึฐื˜ึทืจ ืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ... ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึธื” ืึนืชื•ึน ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืคึผึธืจึนื›ึถืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ืึฒืจึนืŸ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึทืคึผึนืจึถืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดื•ึผึธืขึตื“ ืœึฐืšึธ ืฉืึธืžึผึธื”". ื”ืคืจื•ื›ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืคืจื•ื›ืช.

ืืžื ื ืกืžืš ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ืฉืœืžื” ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื›ืžื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ, ืœื”-ืœื•): "ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืึนืชึธื”ึผ ืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ... ื•ึฐืฉืึธื—ึทืงึฐืชึผึธ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึธื” ื”ึธื“ึตืง ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึธื” ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึธื” ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ื‘ึผึฐืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“...". ืžื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื‘ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ("ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช"). ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช. ืืš ืจืฉ"ื™ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ืขืช ื—ื–"ืœ (ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื•ืžื ื“ืฃ ืžื”,ื; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื™ื•ืžื ืค"ื“ ื”"ื”; ืกืคืจื ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืช ื‘, ื’, ืื•ืช ื˜) ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึฐืฉืึธื—ึทืงึฐืชึผึธ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึธื” ื”ึธื“ึตืง" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘.
ืขืœ ืžืกื•ืจืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื–"ืœ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืœื ืฉืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืฆื ืžืฉื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื.

ืกืžืš ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช
ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžืชืื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื• ื™ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ื•ื“ื ื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื•.
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืกืคื•ืจื ื• 2 (ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ) ืฉื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืฉืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืžื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”' ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืฉืจื” ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจ ื•ื”ืขืจื‘.
ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื•ืงื˜ืจืช ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืขืœืืช ืื™ื‘ืจื™ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืœืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—, ื•ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื”. ื•ืื ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ืชื•ื“ืชื ื• ืœื”' ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจ ื•ื”ืขืจื‘, ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื˜ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืขืœืืช ืื™ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—.

ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”,ื˜ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ) ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ (ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉื• ืœืชื "ืš ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื•,ื›) ืฉืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื ื’ื ื– ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื• ืžื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื”ืœืื”, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื•ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืžื– ืœื›ืš. ืืžื ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉ"ื™, ื•ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื’ื ื–.

ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ,ื) ืชื™ืจืฅ ืฉื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืขืงืจ ืžืžืงื•ืžื• ืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื•ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื“ืžื• ื‘ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื–ื” ืžื”ืจ"ื ื’ืืœืื ื˜ื™ (ื•ืจืื• ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘,ื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืขืจื•ืช). ืืžื ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—: "ื•ึฐื›ึดืคึผึถืจ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืขึทืœ ืงึทืจึฐื ึนืชึธื™ื• ืึทื—ึทืช ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ืžึดื“ึผึทื ื—ึทื˜ึผึทืืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืคึผึปืจึดื™ื...". ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืžื–ื‘ื— ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื‘ื• ืงืจื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื“ืžื™ื ืืœื• (ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ 'ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขืœื ื“ื‘ืจ'), ื•ืจืื• ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืื•ืจื” (ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื ื‘,ื‘) ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉืื ื ื™ืชื ื• ื”ื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืœื ื›ื™ืคืจื• ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืจืื• ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ (ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื–, ืก"ืง ื‘) ืฉืœื“ืขืชื• ื–ื”ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืกื›ื. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื— ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื‘ื• ืงืจื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื“ืžื™ื. ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื.

ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ืœืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.

ืขืฉืจื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช
ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืื‘ื•ืช (ื”,ื•) ืžื•ื‘ื: "ืขืฉืจื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืคื™ ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืชื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืงืฉืช...", ื•ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื ื ื‘ืจืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืฉื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ื•ื™ืงืจื, ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื“"ื” ื•ืžืขืชื” ืืชื™ ืฉืคื™ืจ) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื ื‘ืจืื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื—ื˜ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื—ื˜ื ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”' ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจืจื• ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืคืชื™ื—ืช 'ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ' ืขื•ืจืจื” ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืคืชื—ื” 'ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ' ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ื ื™ ืงื•ืจื— ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืœื ืžืชื•. ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” 'ืคื™ ื”ื‘ืืจ' ืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืจืื•ืชื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”' ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื•ืžืกืคืง ืœื”ื ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ืกื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื.
ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื” ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื•ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื›ื ืก ื‘ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.

ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช
ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืจืžื–ืช ื›ืืœื• ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืž,ื”): "ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึธื” ืึถืช ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ื”ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘ ืœึดืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช". ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉื ืžืฆื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืœื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืž,ื”) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืจื™ื—ื ื ื•ื“ืฃ ื›ืžื• ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ืกืžื™ื.
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงื˜ื•ืจืช. ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืžืฉื” ื ืžืฆื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉืžืงื•ื ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช (ืฉืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ) ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืื›ืŸ ืฉื ืžืขืœื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืืžื ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' - ื–ื• ื”ืœื›ื”" (ืฉื‘ืช ื“ืฃ ืงืœื—,ื‘). ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ื”ื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื ื˜ืขื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืžืœืื›ืชื• (ืจืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื“, ื›ื’). ืืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืžื—ื˜ื™ืื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื• "ืฉื”ื•ืจื• ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ืŸ" (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืกื’,ื) ื•ื”ืงื˜ื™ืจื• ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉืœื ื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ืขืœื™ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืฉืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืจื—ืง ืžืฉื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ. ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื–ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ื˜ื ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืจืžื– ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื•ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืจืžื– ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœื• ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืฆื ืžืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™. ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืžื– ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ.

ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ืฉืœืžื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ื•, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื.




^ 1."ืชื ื™ื, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ: ืฉื ื™ ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื ืฉืชื™ื™ืจื• ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืคืชื™, ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ืงืคืชื™". (ื™ื•ืžื ื“ืฃ ื ื˜,ื).
^ 2."ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืืœ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืขืžื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจ ื•ื”ืขืจื‘" (ืกืคื•ืจื ื•).



ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il