ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ืขืกืงื™ ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืžื™ืช ืืช ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข, ื•ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืžื™ืช ืืช ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ.
ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ืœื—-ืœื˜) ืžื ื‘ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื’ื•ื’ ืžืืจืฅ ื”ืžื’ื•ื’ ื•ืืชื• ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื• ืžื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืฉื ื™ื•ื‘ืก ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื—ื ื”ื•. ืœืคื™ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช (ืž,ื™ื) ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื—ื ื”ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ืืคืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื 1 ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช: "ื•ืชืžืฉื— ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื• ื•ืชืงื“ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืฉืจืชืš, ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื—ืœืง. ื•ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ืืคืจื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื•, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ ืœื ืฆื— ืœื’ื•ื’ ื•ืœืกื™ืขืชื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืžื™ื".
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื’ื•ื’ ืžืืจืฅ ื”ืžื’ื•ื’ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื“ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืชื‘ื•ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข. ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• (ื™ื,ื-ื“) ืžื ื‘ื ืขืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆืืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“: "ื•ึฐื™ึธืฆึธื ื—ึนื˜ึถืจ ืžึดื’ึผึตื–ึทืข ื™ึดืฉืึธื™ ื•ึฐื ึตืฆึถืจ ืžึดืฉึผืึธืจึธืฉืึธื™ื• ื™ึดืคึฐืจึถื”: ื•ึฐื ึธื—ึธื” ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”'... ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึธื™ื• ื™ึธืžึดื™ืช ืจึธืฉืึธืข:" ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึฐื™ึดืคึผื•ึนืง ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื ืžึดื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึนื”ึดื™ ื“ึฐื™ึดืฉืึทื™ ื•ึผืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ืžึดื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ื•ึนื”ึดื™ ื™ึดืชึฐืจึทื‘ึผึตื™. ื•ึฐืชึดืฉืึฐืจึตื™ ืขึฒืœื•ึนื”ึดื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธื” ืžึดืŸ ืงึณื“ึธื ื”'... ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืžึฐืœึตื™ืœ ืกึดืคึฐื•ึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ื™ึฐื”ึตื™ ืžึตืžึดื™ืช ืึทืจึฐืžึดื™ืœื•ึนืก ืจึทืฉืึดื™ืขึธื". ืœืคื™ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืฉื ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆืืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืฉื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืžื™ืช ืืช ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข.
ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืข ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”' ื”ืจืื” ืœืžืฉื” ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“,ื’): "...ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดื›ึผึธืจ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึทืช ื™ึฐืจึตื—ื•ึน ืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐืžึธืจึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ืฆึนืขึทืจ". ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื 2 ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช: "...ื•ืืช ื’ืœื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื’ืœื• ืžึดื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึทืช ื™ึฐืจึตื—ื•ึน ื•ืืช ื’ืœื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ืฉืข ืฉื’ืœื• ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐืžึธืจึดื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ ืžืืชื™ื ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืืช ืฆืจืช ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืืจืžืœื’ื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื’ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ืข". ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉ'ืืจืžืœื’ื•ืก' ื”ื•ื ื˜ืขื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœ'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก' ื”ืจืฉืข, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืฉื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื’ืœื• ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ืืœื™ืฉืข ืžืžืงื•ืžื, ื•ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืฉื, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.

ื”ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื
ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ื, ื-ื™) ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข.
"ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืžื•ึนืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืึฒืœื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึทื”' ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืžึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ืœึผึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื‘ึผึทืชึผึฐื—ึดืœึผึธื” ืœึฐื”ึดืœึผึธื—ึถื ื‘ึผื•ึน: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”' ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื™ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ืขึฒืœึตื” ืึดืชึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐื’ื•ึนืจึธืœึดื™ ื•ึฐื ึดืœึผึธื—ึฒืžึธื” ื‘ึผึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึธืœึทื›ึฐืชึผึดื™ ื’ึทื ืึฒื ึดื™ ืึดืชึผึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื’ื•ึนืจึธืœึถืšึธ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ืึดืชึผื•ึน ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ: ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ื”' ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึดื–ึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผื•ึผื ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึถื–ึถืง ืขึฒืฉื‚ึถืจึถืช ืึฒืœึธืคึดื™ื ืึดื™ืฉื: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืฆึฐืื•ึผ ืึถืช ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึถื–ึถืง ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึฒืžื•ึผ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึดื–ึผึดื™: ื•ึทื™ึผึธื ึธืก ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง ื•ึทื™ึผึดืจึฐื“ึผึฐืคื•ึผ ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึนืื—ึฒื–ื•ึผ ืึนืชื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึฐืงึทืฆึผึฐืฆื•ึผ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื”ึนื ื•ึนืช ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื•: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึดื™ื ืžึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื”ึนื ื•ึนืช ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืžึฐืงึปืฆึผึธืฆึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืžึฐืœึทืงึผึฐื˜ึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืฉืึปืœึฐื—ึธื ึดื™ ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึดื™ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืฉืึดืœึผึทื ืœึดื™ ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึปื”ื•ึผ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึธืช ืฉืึธื: ืค ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึฒืžื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื›ึผึฐื“ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผื•ึผื”ึธ ืœึฐืคึดื™ ื—ึธืจึถื‘ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ืฉืึดืœึผึฐื—ื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึตืฉื: ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ื™ึธืจึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐื”ึดืœึผึธื—ึตื... ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืึถืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฉืึตื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ..."
ื”ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข (ื™; ื™ื; ื™ื“; ื˜ื•); ื•ืฉื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ื•ืื ื›ืš ืงืฉื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• "ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืžื•ึนืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท"?
ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื "ืš ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื "ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืชืจื’ื "ื“ึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”"; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, "(ื”ืื ืฉื™ื) ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”". ืื•ืœื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื”ืจื’ืœื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื "ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ื›ื’ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ืขึฒืœึตื” ืึดืชึผึดื™" โ€“ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื: "ื•ืืžืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื•ื”ื™ ืกืง ืขืžื™". ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ?
ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืชืžื•ืจื” (ื“ืฃ ื˜ื–, ื) ืžืจืžื–ืช ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื: "ืชื ื, ื”ื•ื ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ืขื‘ืฅ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื• - ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื—ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•". ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืจืžื–ืช, ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื "ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ - ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ืฉื ืงืจื ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ืขื‘ืฅ, ืฉืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ืชืคืชื” ืœืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื; ื•ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืชื— ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื” ืคืจืฉื• ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”.
ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื•ืžืจืžื–ืช ื’ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืจืžื–ืช ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื” ื ื•ืฆืจื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืจืฆื” ืžืฉื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ืœื“ืขืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉื” ืจืฆื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื“ืขืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ื ื•ืฆื—ื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืจืžื–ืช ืœื›ืš ื‘ืื•ืžืจื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืชืจืฉืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ืžืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš (ืฉื): "ืชืฉืฉ ื›ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื•ื ืฉืชื›ื—ื• ืžืžื ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื• ืฉื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช, ื•ืขืžื“ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืจื’ื•. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื: ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืš ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ, ืœืš ื•ื˜ื•ืจื“ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”". ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžื•ื‘ื: "ืืขืค"ื› ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจืŸ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืงื ื– ืžืชื•ืš ืคืœืคื•ืœื•".
ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืจืžื–ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ืœ'ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืืžืชื™ื™ื' ื•ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ืชืจืฉืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื•, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœ'ื”ืจื•ื’' (= "ืขืžื“ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื’ื•"). ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื” ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžื”' ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืจืฉืœื ื•ืชื•. ื•ืืžื ื ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืกืจื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืชื•, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ื›'ืžืช'. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืื™ื‘ื“. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื 'ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื', ื•ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืจืข ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื‘ืกื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื‘ืื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ. ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืจืžื–ืช ืฉ"ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื—ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ" (=ืขืชื ื™ืืœ) ืืžืจ ืœืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื•, ืฉื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื™ื’ื•ืจืฉื• ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ื ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื, ืชื™ืจื’ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ: "ื•ืืžืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื•ื”ื™ ืกืง ืขืžื™". ื•ื’ื ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉื• ืœืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื›ื–ื”: "ื•ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืชืจื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื™ืขืœื” ื”ื•ื ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ืขื‘ืฅ... ื•ืœืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื• ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืœืš ืืชื•".
ื•ื ืžืฆื, ืฉืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืจืžื–ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื”, ืฉืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื (=ื”ืžืฉืงืคืช) ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ. ื•ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ, ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœ'ื”ืจื•ื’' ื•ื”ื•ื 'ื˜ื•ืจื“' ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช. ื•ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช โ€“ ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœืงืช - ื›ืืœื• ืฉืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ืœืื—ืจ 'ืžื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข', ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ (=ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”).

ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘"ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชืžืจื™ื"

ืœืื—ืจ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ืข"ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืฆื‘ืื•, ืคื ื• ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื•ืœื ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘'ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชืžืจื™ื' ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื›ื‘ืฉ, ื•ืคืชื— ืฉื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื•. ื•ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื›ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืจืฅ, ืขืงืจื” ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœื ื—ืœืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ื, ื˜ื–) ืžืจืžื– ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืขืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืขืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื”: "ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืงึตื™ื ึดื™ ื—ึนืชึตืŸ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืขึธืœื•ึผ ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐืžึธืจึดื™ื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืžึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื‘ ืขึฒืจึธื“...". ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืชืจื’ื ืฉื ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื›ื•, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืงื™ื ื™ ืขืœื• ืœ"ืžึทื“ึฐื‘ึผึฐืจึธื ื“ึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื“ื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืขืจื“". ืืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช "ืžึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”" โ€“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•. ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœ"ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”" ืฉืœ "ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" (ืขืชื ื™ืืœ) - ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžืงื•ื ื™ื‘ืฉ ื•ืžื ื•ื’ื‘ ืžื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืฉื ืงืจื ื’ื ื™ึทืขึฐื‘ึผึตืฅ ืžืจื•ืžื–ืช ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื (ื ื‘, ื ื”): "ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึฐื—ื•ึนืช ืกื•ึนืคึฐืจึดื™ื ื™ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึตื™ ื™ึทืขึฐื‘ึผึตืฅ ืชึผึดืจึฐืขึธืชึดื™ื ืฉืึดืžึฐืขึธืชึดื™ื ืฉื‚ื•ึผื›ึธืชึดื™ื ื”ึตืžึผึธื” ื”ึทืงึผึดื™ื ึดื™ื ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืึดื™ื ืžึตื—ึทืžึผึทืช ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ื‘ึตื™ืช ืจึตื›ึธื‘:". ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ืฉื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช:
"ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” - ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ึทืขึฐื‘ึผึตืฅ ื”ื•ื ืขึธืชึฐื ึดื™ืึตืœ ื‘ืŸ ืงื ื–. 'ื™ึทืขึฐื‘ึผึตืฅ' ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืชื• ืชืจื‘ื™ืฅ (ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”) ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื. ... 'ืฉื‚ื•ึผื›ึธืชึดื™ื' ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื•ื›ืช ืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ื”ื 'ืฉืึธืœึฐืžึธืึตื™' ('ื”ึตืžึผึธื” ื”ึทืงึผึดื™ื ึดื™ื' =ืžืฉืคื—ืช 'ื”ึทืงึผึตื™ื ึดื™') ื‘ื ื™ ืฆืคื•ืจื”, ืฉืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืžืฆืืฆืื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื - ืฉื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื ืžืจื›ื‘ ื•ืคืจืฉื™ื."
ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ืฉื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ (=ื™ืขื‘ืฅ=ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”) ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืœืžืฉื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืืฉื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉื ืงืจืื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื 'ืฆืคื•ืจื”', ื•ืฆืคื•ืจื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื” ืœื• ื’ื ืืช ื ืฉืžื•ืช "ื”ึทืงึผึดื™ื ึดื™ื", ืฉื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจื• ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื ื—ืœ ืืช ื ื—ืœืชื• ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืจืฅ, ืขืงืจื” ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ืž"ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชืžืจื™ื" ื•ื’ื "ื”ึทืงึผึดื™ื ึดื™ื" (ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื• 'ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื') ืขื‘ืจื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื” ืœื ื—ืœืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ื•ื”ื ื•ืฉืืจ 'ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื' ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื‘ืื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ื 'ืฆืืฆืื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื' ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื›ื‘ ื•ืคืจืฉื™ื.
ื”ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ 'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”'
ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืจืžื– ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืฉืกืคื•ืจ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื‘ืฉื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืงืจื‘ ืกืžืœื™, ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœื• ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, ื•'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืžืกืžืœืช ืฉื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”'. ื‘'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”' ื ืžืฆื 'ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ' ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” (ืขืชื ื™ืืœ) ื•ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช-ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื ื ื™ืฆื—ื• ื•ื’ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืž'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”'.
ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืขืžื™ื. 'ื‘ื–ืง' ื ืจืื” ื›ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืืš ื‘ื–ืง ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื’ื ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ ื•ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืฉื ื” (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืค"ื™ ืžื™"ื“): "ื‘ื•ื–ืงื™ืŸ ืžืœื—", ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: "ื‘ื•ื–ืงื™ืŸ - ืžืคื–ืจื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื•ืจืงื™ืŸ". "ื‘ื–ืง" ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื’ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ื—ืจืก ืื• ืฉื‘ืจ ืื‘ืŸ. ื•ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ื’ื ืจื“"ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™ื,ื—): "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึฐืงึฐื“ึตื ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึธื–ึถืง", ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืจื™ ื—ืจืกื™ื, ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื–ืง ื‘ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืœ ืžื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื‘ืŸ ื•ืžื ืื, ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื 'ื›ึผึดืฆึฐืจื•ึนืจ ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐื’ึผึตืžึธื”' โ€“ 'ื”ื™ืš ื‘ื–ืงื ื“ื›ื™ืคื ื‘ืงืœืขื'... ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืœื™ (ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืขืจื•ืš ืขืจืš 'ื‘ื–ืง') ืžืชืจื’ื 'ืฆืจื•ืจ ืื‘ืŸ' ื‘ืชื•ืจ 'ื‘ื–ืงื' ืฉื”ื 'ืฉื‘ืจ ืกืœืข' ืื• 'ืฉื‘ื‘ ืกืœืข' ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžื ื™ืคื•ืฅ ืกืœืข. ื•ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื–ืง, ื ืžืฆื ืฉ'ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง' ื”ื•ื 'ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ'.
'ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง' (='ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ') ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ืช ืฉื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื— ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคื™ืจื•ื“ ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชื‘ืœ. ื‘ืคืจืง ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื—, ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื ืืžืจ: "ืึตืœึผึถื” ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึฐื—ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื ึนื—ึท ืœึฐืชื•ึนืœึฐื“ึนืชึธื ื‘ึผึฐื’ื•ึนื™ึตื”ึถื ื•ึผืžึตืึตืœึผึถื” ื ึดืคึฐืจึฐื“ื•ึผ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทื‘ึผื•ึผืœ".
ื™ืฉ ืงืจื‘ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื— ืžื™ ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”' ื‘ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœืžื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื–ื›ื• ืœื’ืจืฉ ืž'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”' ืืช 'ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง' (='ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ'). ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืชื ืœ'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”' ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœ'ืžืช' ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื. ืืžื ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื, ืฉืืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืกื• ืœืฆื‘ืื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.

ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื‘ึถื–ึถืง ื•ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืช

ื”"ื‘ื•ื”ืŸ" ืžืกืžืœืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ื”"ืคื”" - ืœืขืžืœ ืจื•ื—ื ื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื‘ืจื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื›ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื, ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื–ื” ืžื“ื ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืข ื ื˜ื”ืจ ืžืฆืจืขืชื•, ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ื›ื‘ ืžืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื™ื–ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืžื“ื ืงืจื‘ื ื• ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ื”"ืคื”". ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืœืžื“ื ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื’ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช; ื•ื”ื”ื–ืื” ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื, ืจื•ืžืžื” ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขื ื”"ืคื”" ืœืฉื ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื•. ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืข ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข, ื•ื”ื”ื–ืื” ืขืœ "ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืช" ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืข ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืž"ืคื™ื•" ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื; ื•ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื” ืืช ืคื™ื• ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืชืื•ื•ื”.
ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ "ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" (ืขืชื ื™ืืœ) ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืฉื ืงืจื "ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ" ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื ืžื•ืœ "ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื–ืง" ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืžื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” "ื”ืขื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ", ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” "ืžืžืœื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื" ื•ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”"ืคื”". ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืงืฆืฅ ืืช "ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•"; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื• ืœ"ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”", ื•ืฉื ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืงืฆื•ืฆื•ืช (ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช) ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžืช. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื™ืฆื— ืื•ืชื, ื•ืœื ืงื™ืฆืฅ ืืช ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื• "ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื", ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ืคื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.
ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื’ื•ื’ ืžืืจืฅ ื”ืžื’ื•ื’ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื• ื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื‘ื• ืœืืจืฆื, ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืืชื• (ื”'ืื™ืกืคืงืœืจื™ื' ืฉืœื•) ืืช ืžื” ืฉืจืื” ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฉืชื™ืืจ ืืช ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื–ืง ื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืฉืชื—ืชื™ื•. ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืžืจืžื–ื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ืžืฉืœื™ื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื•ืจืง ืื•ืชื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉื™ื ืฆื—ื• ืื•ืชื. ื•ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžื ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืืจืข ื‘ืขืช ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื”, ื•ื’ื ืื– ืชื”ื™ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื• ืœืืจืฆื ื•ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืœื• ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื— ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ื’ื•ื’ ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื•.

ื”ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”

ืžื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉ'ื‘ื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”' ืฉื”ื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” (=ืขืชื ื™ืืœ) ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช 'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”' - "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึฒืžื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื›ึผึฐื“ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ". ืืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืฉืœื ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื” - "ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ื™ึนืฉืึตื‘ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืœึนื ื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ืฉืื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึดื ึฐื™ึธืžึดืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึดื ึฐื™ึธืžึดืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”".
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ืขืกืงื• ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ื•, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืขืกืงื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœ'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”' ื•ืœื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืžืฉื ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ื–ื•. ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืฆืื ื• ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืกืจื™ื ื ืคืฉื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื‘'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”', ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื” ืฉืœื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึดื ึฐื™ึธืžึดืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”".

ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื—ื•ืœืงืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ

ืืžื ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื›ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”', ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื. ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื•ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช, ื•ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืกืคืจ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžื•ื’ืžืจ. ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืž"ื ื•ื”ืจืฉ"ืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ื ืจืื• ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื“ืคืกื•, ื•ื”ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื—ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื• (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื˜ื•,ืกื’) ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืžืืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”: "ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึตื™ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืœึนื (ื™ื•ื›ืœื•) ื™ึธื›ึฐืœื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ืฉืึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”".
ืื ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช, ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืชืจืฉืœื• ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื”, ืชืžื•ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืชืขืœื ืžืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืžืืฉื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ, ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืื™ื ื” ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช. ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ื™ื ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืฉื ืงืจื ื’ื 'ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”'. ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช-ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข 'ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”' ืื™ื ื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช. ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ืœึนื ื™ื•ื›ืœื•" ืžืจืžื– ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช (ืœืคื™ ื”ืื™ืกืคืงืœืจื™ื ืฉืœื•) - ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืกื™ ืž'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”'.

ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ โ€“ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”'

ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืคืจืฉื™ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ื•ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ื,ื™-ื˜ื•) ืœื™ืงื˜ ืœืชื•ื›ื• ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ. ื—ื–"ืœ ื’ื™ืœื• ืœื ื• (ืชืžื•ืจื” ื“ืฃ ื˜ื–,ื) ืฉืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื›ื— ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืžืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืจ. ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืจืžื– ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืชื‘ื• (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื,ื™ื): "ื•ึฐืฉืึตื ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืกึตืคึถืจ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืขืžืœ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืงื“ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ.
ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื—ืœืง ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืขืชื ื™ืืœ, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืืช ืคืจืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื” ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืืช ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช, ื•ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ึฐืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืกึทื ึผึธื” ื”ึดื™ื ื“ึฐื‘ึดืจ" (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื˜ื•,ืžื˜). ืœืคื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื 'ืงืจื™ืช ืกื ื”'. ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืกื ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ื— ื”ืกื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื— ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื’ื•ืืœ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (ื™ืชืจื• ืจืžื– ืจืคื“): "ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ื— ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืจื” ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ื”ื ื™ื— ื›ืœ ืื™ืœื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืจื” ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ื‘ืกื ื”". ืฆื“ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืฆืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืฉื” "ื•ึผืจึฐืฆื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึนื›ึฐื ึดื™ ืกึฐื ึถื” ืชึผึธื‘ื•ึนืืชึธื” ืœึฐืจึนืืฉื ื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’,ื˜ื–). ื•ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื ืฉื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ 'ื“ื‘ื™ืจ' ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืกื• ืœืฆื‘ื ื•ื ืœื—ืžื• ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™.
ื”ืžื—ืœืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ื ืฉืœ 'ื“ื‘ื™ืจ', ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœืงืช ื‘ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืžื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”' ื‘'ื“ื‘ื™ืจ' ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืž'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”'.

ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื

ืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื (ื’,ื—-ื™ื) ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ:
"ื•ึทื™ึผึดื—ึทืจ ืึทืฃ ื”' ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐื›ึผึฐืจึตื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ื›ึผื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึดื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืึฒืจึทื ื ึทื”ึฒืจึธื™ึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืช ื›ึผื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึดื ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื: ื•ึทื™ึผึดื–ึฐืขึฒืงื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืœ ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึถื ื”' ืžื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึท ืœึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึตื ืึตืช ืขึธืชึฐื ึดื™ืึตืœ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืงึฐื ึทื– ืึฒื—ึดื™ ื›ึธืœึตื‘ ื”ึทืงึผึธื˜ึนืŸ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ: ื•ึทืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึนื˜ ืึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึตื ืœึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ื”' ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืึถืช ื›ึผื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึดื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืึฒืจึธื ื•ึทืชึผึธืขึธื– ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื›ึผื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึธื™ึดื: ื•ึทืชึผึดืฉืึฐืงึนื˜ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึธืช ืขึธืชึฐื ึดื™ืึตืœ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืงึฐื ึทื–:"
ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ื— ื”' ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืชืจื’ื: "ืจื•ื— ื’ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”' " 3 , ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื•ื›ื— ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืื” 4 , ืฉืฉื ื”ื•ื ืžืชืจื’ื: "ืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”' ". ืืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชืจื’ื ื›ืืŸ: "ื•ืฉืจืช ืขืœื•ื”ื™ ืจื•ื— ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”' ". ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืจืžื– ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืื™ (ื•ื’ื ืจืœื‘"ื’ ื”ืกืชืคืง ืฉืžื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืื™) ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื–ื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื.

ื›ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึดื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืึฒืจึธื ื ึทื”ึฒืจึธื™ึดื

ื”ืฉื ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ "ื›ึผื•ึผืฉืึทืŸ ืจึดืฉืึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึดื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืึฒืจึธื ื ึทื”ึฒืจึธื™ึดื" ืื•ืžืจ ื“ืจืฉื ื™, ื•ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ืช ื”ื‘ืืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืชืœืฉืœื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืคื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื•,ื”): "ื•ึฐืขึธื ึดื™ืชึธ ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืึฒืจึทืžึผึดื™ ืึนื‘ึตื“ ืึธื‘ึดื™ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึถื“ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึฐืžึธื”...". ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉ"ืึฒืจึทืžึผึดื™" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ "ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืืจืžื™" ืฉืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ื™ืขืงื‘. ืืš ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”: "ืœึทืึฒืจึทื ื ึทื”ึฒืจึทื™ึธื ื ึทื—ึฒืชึทืช ืึธื‘ื•ึผื ึธืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึดืŸ ืฉืึตื™ืจื•ึผื™ึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึธื ืœึฐืื•ึนื‘ึฐื“ื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึฐืฉืึตื–ึฐื‘ึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึตื™ืžึฐืจึธื ื“ื”' ืžึดืŸ ื™ึฐื“ื•ึนื™ ื•ึผืžึดื‘ึผึธืชึทืจ ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ืŸ ื ึธื—ึทืช ืœึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืœืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืื‘ื“ื•, ื•ื™ืฆื™ืœื• ืžืืžืจ ื”' ืžื™ื“ื•". ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืจืžื–, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืชื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื‘ืŸ; ืืœื ื“ืžื•ืช ืกื™ืžืœื™ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื". ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืฆื ืœืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืœืœ "ืึดื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึดืžึผึธื“ึดื™ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึธืจึทื ึดื™ ื‘ึผึทื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ...". ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืฉืชืขื‘ื“ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืจืžื™ืช ื•ื™ืื‘ื“ ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” "ืึฒืจึทืžึผึดื™ ืึนื‘ึตื“", ื•ื”' ื ืขื ื” ืœื• ื•ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืชื• ืžื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืกืžืœื™ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืจืžื™ืช.
ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉ 'ื“ืขืช ืžืงืจื' ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื‘ืขืช ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฆื ืฉืœื˜ ื”ืขื ื”"ื›ืฉื™" ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื™ื. ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืจืื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ 'ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ' ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•'ืื•ื‘ื“ื™ื' ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”'ื›ืฉื™ืช' ืฉืฉืœื˜ื” ืื– ื‘'ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื', ื•ื›ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืฉื 'ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ืžืœืš ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื™ื'. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืฉื”ืคืจืฉื™ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืื™, ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืฉืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช 'ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ' (ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•) ืžืœื”ืฉืชืขื‘ื“ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืจืฉืข' ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœ"ืึฒืจึทืžึผึดื™ ืึนื‘ึตื“".

ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ืจืฉื™ืขื = ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื

ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื” (ื–,ื˜ื•) ืžื ื‘ื "ื›ึผึดื™ืžึตื™ ืฆึตืืชึฐืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืึทืจึฐืึถื ึผื•ึผ ื ึดืคึฐืœึธืื•ึนืช". ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืฉืžื” ืฉืืจืข ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ืจืฉื™ืขื' ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืžืช ืฉืœื• ('ืจืฉื™ืขื') ืืช ื”ืฉื 'ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื', ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ืฉืžื” ืฉืืจืข ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืืจืฆื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื. ื’ื ืื– ืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืจืฆื” ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื”ื™ื ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืœื”ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืฆื‘ืื™, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ืจื” ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื” ืขืœื™ื•.
ื‘ืขืช ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืขืœืชื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืจื•ืžื™, ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื, ื•ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืžื. ื”ืฉื 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก' ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช, ืืช ื”ืฉื 'ืืจืžื™' ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืกืžืœื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืึฒืจึทืžึผึดื™" ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืื‘ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ืืช ื”ืฉื 'ืจื•ืžื•ืœื•ืก' ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื”ืชืคืจืกืžื” ืื’ื“ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ืช, ื•ืžืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฉื 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก'. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ืจืฉื™ืขื' ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ 'ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ืžืœืš ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื™ื'.
ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื‘ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืฆืืฆืื™ ื™ืฉื™: "ื•ึฐืชึดืฉืึฐืจึตื™ ืขึฒืœื•ึนื”ึดื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธื” ืžึดืŸ ืงึณื“ึธื ื”'... ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืžึฐืœึตื™ืœ ืกึดืคึฐื•ึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ื™ึฐื”ึตื™ ืžึตืžึดื™ืช ืึทืจึฐืžึดื™ืœื•ึนืก ืจึทืฉืึดื™ืขึธื", ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืขืชื ื™ืืœ ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉืœื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœื• ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืžื™ืชื• ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื”ื ืืช 'ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ืžืœืš ืืจื ื ื”ืจื™ื™ื', ื›ืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื™ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ื™ืžื™ืชื• ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื”ื ืืช 'ืึทืจึฐืžึดื™ืœื•ึนืก ืจึทืฉืึดื™ืขึธื'. ื•ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืชื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืื™, ื•ืชืจืฆื” ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืกื• ืœืฆื‘ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืืš ื›ื ื’ื“ื ืชืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืขืชื ื™ืืœ. ื”ื ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื›ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ 'ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื™ื“', ื•ื”ื ื™ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืžื™ืชื• ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข'.
ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœ'ืžืช' ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื‘ืื•, ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื”. ืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืชื” ืžื™ ืฉืžืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื‘ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ 'ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ' (=ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ืืคืจื™ื) ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืชื ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœ'ื”ืจื•ื’'. ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื (ื”'ืื™ืกืคืœืงืจื™ื' ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื) ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข' (= ื›ื•ืฉืŸ ืจืฉืขืชื™ื™ื) ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืฆื‘ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ื”ืจื’ื”' ืื•ืชื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ('ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”') ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื™ื“, ื•ื”ื ื”ืžื™ืชื• ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ 'ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข'.
ืื•ืœื ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืจืžื– ืฉื–ื• ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ื•'ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ' ืœื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœ'ืžืช', ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืžื– ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช (ืž,ื™ื) ืฉื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื—ื ื”ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ (=ืืคืจื™ื). ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ "ื’ืœื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื’ืœื• ืžึดื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึทืช ื™ึฐืจึตื—ื•ึน ื•ืืช ื’ืœื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ืฉืข ืฉื’ืœื• ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐืžึธืจึดื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ ืžืืชื™ื ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ". ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืžื–ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื–"ื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ.





^ 1."ื•ึผืชึฐืจึทื‘ึผึตื™ ื™ึทืช ื›ึผึดื™ึผื•ึนืจึธื ื•ึฐื™ึทืช ื‘ึผึฐืกึดื™ืกึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึผืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ื™ึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึฐื˜ื•ึผืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืžึฐืฉืื•ึผืžึฐืฉืึธื ึธืšึฐ, ืจึทื‘ึผึธื ื“ึฐืกึทื ึฐื”ึถื“ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐืขึทืžึผึตื™ื”ึผ, ื“ึผึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ื•ึนื™ ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึธื ืึทืจึฐืขึธื ื“ึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐืึดื™ืชึฐืคึผึทืœึธื’ึธื ื•ึผืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื‘ึผึทืจ ืึถืคึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื“ึผึฐื ึธืคึดื™ืง ืžึดื™ื ึตื™ื”ึผ ื“ึผึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ื•ึนื™ ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึดืžึฐื ึทืฆึฐื—ึธื ืœึฐื’ื•ึนื’ ื•ึผืœึฐืกึดื™ืขึธืชึตื™ื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึธื".
^ 2."...ื•ึฐื™ึทืช ื’ึผึทืœึฐื•ึทื•ืช ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืึตืœึดื™ึธื”ื•ึผ ื“ึผึฐื’ึทืœึทืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึธืชึธื ื“ึดื™ืจึตื™ื—ื•ึน ื•ึฐื™ึทืช ื’ึผึทืœึฐื•ึทื•ืช ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืฉืึธืข ื“ึผึฐื’ึธืœื•ึผ ืžึดืŸ ืงึดืจึฐื•ึทื•ืช ื“ึผึดืงึฐืœึทื™ึผึธื ืขึทืœ ื™ึทื“ ืึฒื—ื•ึผื”ื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึธืืชึธืŸ ืึทืœึฐืคึดื™ืŸ ื’ึผื•ึผื‘ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐื™ึทืช ืขึธืงึทืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื“ึผึธืจ ื•ึฐื“ึธืจ ื•ึผืคื•ึผืจึฐืขึธื ื•ึผืช ืึทืจึฐืžึทืœึฐื’ึผื•ึนืก ืจึฐืฉึผืื™ืขึธื ื•ึฐืกึดื“ึฐืจึตื™ ืงึฐืจึธื‘ึธื ื“ึฐื’ื•ึนื’ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึดื™ื“ึทืŸ ืฆึทืขึฒืจึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึธื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืžึดื™ื›ึธืึตืœ ื™ึฐืงื•ึผื ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐืจึธืขึธื ืœึฐืคึธืจื•ึผืงึธื:".
^ 3.ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•, ืœื“: "ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ืœึธื‘ึฐืฉืึธื” ืึถืช ื’ึผึดื“ึฐืขื•ึนืŸ". 2. ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื˜: "ื•ึทืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึทืœ ื™ึดืคึฐืชึผึธื— ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ". 3. ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื’, ื›ื”: "ื•ึทืชึผึธื—ึถืœ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ืœึฐืคึทืขึฒืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื—ึฒื ึตื” ื“ึธืŸ". 4. ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื“ ื•: "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฆึฐืœึทื— ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ื•ึทื™ึฐืฉืึทืกึผึฐืขึตื”ื•ึผ". 5. ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื“ ื™ื˜: "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฆึฐืœึทื— ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึถื“ ืึทืฉืึฐืงึฐืœื•ึนืŸ". 6. ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื˜ื• ื™ื“: "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฆึฐืœึทื— ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ื•ึทืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื™ื ึธื” ื”ึธืขึฒื‘ึนืชึดื™ื". 7. ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™ื, ื•: "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฆึฐืœึทื— ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืฉืึธืื•ึผืœ". 8. ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื˜ื–, ื™ื“: "ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ืกึธืจึธื” ืžึตืขึดื ืฉืึธืื•ึผืœ". ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืชืจื’ื: "ืจื•ื— ื’ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”' ".
^ 4.ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™, ื•: "ื•ึฐืฆึธืœึฐื—ึธื” ืขึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”' ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึผึดื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื"; ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.




ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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