ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
  • ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
1892
2 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืช ืจื—ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืžืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช. ื–ืืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื’ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืคืกื—, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ื•ื ื—ื’, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื—ืจ. ืขื ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืจื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืžืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื”, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื”, ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื• ื•ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื™ื ื—ืœื• ืชื‘ื•ืกื”.
ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื”, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืกืžืœ ื”ืชื—ืœืช ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืจื’ื™ืขื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืžืจื—ืคืช ืžืžืขืœ ื•ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœื™ื ื•. ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช, ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช. ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ื˜ืงืกื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืฆืžื• ื ืžืฉืš ืจืง ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืื•ื•ื™ืจืชื• ื•ืฉืžื—ืชื• ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœื•. ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ "ืžืฉื ื›ื ืก ืื“ืจ ืžืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”", ืžืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื”, ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช. ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉืžื— ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ื•ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ืœ. ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœื• ื ื—ืฉื‘, ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืฉืžื—ื™ื. ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื— ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื’ ืฉื—ืœื™ื ื‘ื•.
ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืืงืœื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื’ื ืฉืขืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืงืจ ืžืื•ื“, ืžื•ืฉืœื’ ื•ืขืชื™ืจ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช, ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืžืชื•ืŸ ืฉืคื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืคืขื ื™ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืฉื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืงืจ ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืขื ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืจื™ื.
ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžื”ืืงืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื. ื”ื—ืฉื›ื” ืฉืฉื•ืจืจืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ื”ืชืื‘ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื•ื‘ืงื•ืจ ืฉื—ื•ื“ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•ืช. ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื–ื•. ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช. ืžืขืชื” ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืชื–ืจื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช.
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ืฉืœื™ ืฉืืชื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื ื—ืœ ืขืœ ืืœื” ืฉื’ืจื™ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”, ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืชื ื•, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืชืงืฃ ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื™ืจื—ื™-ืฉืžืฉื™ ืฉื ืžืฉืš 19 ืฉื ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืจื—ื™. ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืžืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืžื ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืคืขื. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœืžื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื›ื ื™ืก ื‘ื• ืงืฆืช ืงืœื™ืœื•ืช. ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืื“ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืคืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฆื™ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื“ืจ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืžืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืชืงืคื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžืŸ: ืขื•ื ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจืช, ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื‘ืฉื™ืœ ื•ืขื•ื“.
ื—ื–"ืœ ืžื ืขื• ืžื”ืžืœืš ื—ื–ืงื™ื” ืœืขื‘ืจ ืืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ. ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืขืจืš ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™: ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœืชื ื• ื•ืงื™ื•ืžื ื• ื•ืขืœ ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื”.
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ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™-ื. ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจืืฉ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”-OU, ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช "ื‘ื™ืช ืชื•ืจื”" ื‘ืžื•ื ืกื™, ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง.
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il