ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
  • ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืกืคืจื™ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช
  • ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™

ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืฉื’ื™ืื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืื• ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”-PDF ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
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4 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื•ึฐื”ึธืจึนื—ึทื‘ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึถื—ึฑืœึธืงึดื™ื ื‘ึผื•ึน ื’ึผึฐืœึดื™ืœื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืจึดื™ืึทืช ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืฉืึธืขื•ึนืช, ืœึนื ื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืคึผึธื—ื•ึนืช, ืงื•ึนืจึฐืึดื™ื ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึธืœึดื™ืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช, ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ึธืจ ื™ึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื’ึผึธืœึดื™ืœ ืึทื—ึตืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช, ื’ึผึธืœึดื™ืœ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื’ึผึธืœึดื™ืœ, ืขึทื“ ืชึผึนื ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืฉืึธืขื•ึนืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืขึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึดืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœึธื” ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ืงึฐืจึดื™ืึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืžึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐืึถืžึฐืฆึทืข ื”ึธืจึธืงึดื™ืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื•ึฐืชึดืคึผึธืกึตืง ื”ึทืงึผึฐืจึดื™ืึธื” ืฉืึถืœ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึผืึธืึตืจ ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื, ืึถืœึผึธื ื™ึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืจึดื™ืึทืช ืฉืึตื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืฉืึถืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื•. ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ื ึถืึฑืžึทืจ: "ื ื•ึนืœึทื“ ืงึนื“ึถื ื—ึฒืฆื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืฉืึถื ึผึดืจึฐืึถื” ืกึธืžื•ึผืš ืœึดืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืขึทืช ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธื”", ื›ึผึฐืึดืœึผื•ึผ ืึธืžึทืจ: ื ื•ึนืœึทื“ ืงึนื“ึถื ื—ึฒืฆื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนื ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทื™ึดื, ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืฉืึถื ึผึดืจึฐืึถื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืกึธืžื•ึผืš ืœึดืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืขึทืช ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธื”. ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื, ืฉืึถืฉึผืึตื ื™ื•ึนื ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื ึดืžึฐืฉืึทืš ืฉืึฐืžึนื ึถื” ืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืจึตื” ืฉืึธืขื•ึนืช ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื”ึดืคึผึธืจึตื“ ื”ึทืงึผึฐืจึดื™ืึธื” ืžึดืžึผึฐืงื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึทืชึฐื—ึธืœึธื”, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื‘ึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึถืžึถืฉื ืœึฐืึถืžึฐืฆึทืข ื”ึธืจึธืงึดื™ืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึธืœึทื™ึฐืœึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื—ึทื™ึผึตื‘ ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืจึธืึถื” ื”ึทื™ึผึธืจึตื—ึท ื”ึถื—ึธื“ึธืฉื ืœึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึดืชึฐื—ึดืœึผึทืช ืกึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒืจึนื‘ ื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช, ื•ึฐื”ึดืกึฐื›ึผึดื™ื ืขึดื ืึธืžึฐืจึธื "ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึทื™ึฐืœึธื” ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื". ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ึธืจ ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืœึผึตืง ืฉืึตื ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื™ ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืฉืึตื ื™ื•ึนื ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื™ึธืฆึฐืึธื” ืžึดืฉึผืึตื ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื•ึฐื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืขึธื” ืœึฐืึถืžึฐืฆึทืข ื™ื•ึนื ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ, ื•ึฐืึธืžึฐื ึธื ื”ึทื›ึผึทื•ึผึธื ึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึดื™ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืฉืึตื˜ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึดืฉึผืื•ึผื‘, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืึธืžึตืจ ืœึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืกึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืžึผึทืขึฒืจึธื‘: ื‘ึผึฐืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื™ื•ึนื ื—ึฒื’ึทื’ึฐืชึผึถื ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื”? ื•ึฐื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ: ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช, ืœึฐืžึธืฉืึธืœ, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดืฉึผืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ื™ึธืฆึธื ืžึตื”ึทื—ึทื’ ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึธืŸ ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ึธืึทื—ึตืจ ื‘ึผึทื—ึทื’, ืœึฐืคึดื™ ืกึฐืžึดื™ื›ื•ึผืช ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ืึถืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืžื•ึนืช ื™ึฐืžึตื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื‘ื•ึผืขึท ื—ึธื’ึฐื’ื•ึผ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน.
ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึฐื“ึดื™ืขึทืช ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืช ื”' ื•ึผืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ึตื™ ื”' ืชึผึฐืœื•ึผื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึดื™ื ื ึทื—ึฒืœึทืช ื”'. ื–ึนืืช ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึนืกึธืฃ ืœึฐืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ืœึธืžึทื“ึฐืชึผึธ ืžึตื”ึฑื™ื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื ึดืงึฐืจึตืืช "ื”ึทืจ ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน", ื•ึท"ื”ึฒื“ื•ึนื ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื•", ื•ึฐ"ืฉืึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื", ื•ึฐ"ื›ึดื™ ืžึดืฆึผึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืชึผึตืฆึตื ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”", ื•ึผืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึดืชึผึทืึฒื•ึทืช ื”ึธืึธื‘ื•ึนืช ืœึธื“ื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืขื•ึนื‘ึฐื“ึตื™ ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื” ื–ึธืจึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธืกึฐืคึธื ืœึธื”ึผ ื•ึผื ึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืึทืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ืึตืœึถื™ื”ึธ, ื›ึผึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ, ื•ึผืชึฐืฉืื•ึผืงึทืช ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ, ื•ึฐื ึดืžึฐื ึทืข ื–ึถื” ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืขึทืจ, ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ื›ึผึธืš ื”ึธืจึฐืึฒืชึธื” ืœื•ึน ืžึตืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืคึผึดืกึฐื’ึผึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื–ึถื” ื—ึถืกึถื“. ื•ึผืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึดืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืงึทืช ื”ึธืึปืžึผื•ึนืช, ืคึผึธืจึทืก ื•ึฐื”ึนื“ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐื™ึธื•ึธืŸ ื•ึฐื–ื•ึผืœึธืชึธื, ืœึฐื”ึทืงึฐืจึดื™ื‘ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ืœึธื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตืœ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื“ึธื ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื”ึทืžึฐืจื•ึนืžึธื, ื•ึผืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื ึผึธืชึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึดืžึผึธืžื•ึนื ึธื ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื”ึถืึฑืžึดื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึปืงึผึดื™ื ืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื, ืžึตืึทื—ึทืจ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ืงึดื‘ึผึตืœ ืื•ึนืชึธื ื”ึทื—ึนืง ื”ึธืึฒืžึดืชึผึดื™. ื•ึผืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ืœื•ึน ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจื•ึนืžึฐืžื•ึผืช, ืขึทืœ ืึทืฃ ืฉืึถื ึผึถืขึฐื“ึผึถืจึถืช ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึธื” ื”ึทื ึผึดื’ึฐืœึตื™ืช, ื•ึฐืฉืึถื›ึผึนืœ ื”ึธืึปืžึผื•ึนืช ื—ื•ึนื’ึฐื’ึดื™ื ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื•ึผืžึดืชึฐืึทื•ึผึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ื–ื•ึผืœึธืชึตื ื•ึผ, ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึธื ึฐืกึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึธื ึฐืฉืึตื ื•ึผ, ื•ึผืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึดื–ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื”ึทื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ืžึดืžึผึทืขึฒืœึธืชึธื”ึผ ืžึดืžึผึทื” ืฉึผืึถื™ึผึถืึฑืจึทืš ืกึดืคึผื•ึผืจื•ึน.
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ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ โ€“ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืขื”. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื”ื•ื โ€“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ืœื ืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ื—ื•ืง โ€“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื โ€“ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ืœื—ื’ื•ื’.


ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื
ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžื ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช, ืืœื ืžื˜ืจื” ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื. ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœืขืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืืจืฆื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื‘ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื™ืฆื‘ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขื ื”' ื•ืืจืฅ ื”' ืื™ื ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื ื‘ื“ืœืช, ืืœื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืจื” ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื. 'ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ', ื–ื”ื• ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื›ืœืœ ืื ื•ืฉื™, ื•ืœื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช. ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื: ืžืงื•ื ื•ื–ืžืŸ ['ืขื•ืœื, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื ื”', ืžืืžืจ ื“ ืคืกืงื” ื›ื”]. ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืขืกืง ื‘ืื“ื โ€“ ืขื ื”', ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื โ€“ ืืจืฅ ื”', ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ โ€“ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”'. ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื“, ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ืื™ื ื ืฉื ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ืฉืจืง ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืขื ื”ืื“ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื” ืชืœื•ืช, ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื: ื”ืžืงื•ื ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ (ื”ืงืจืงืข ืฉื•ื‘ืชืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืœ), ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื (ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ืœืคื™ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ).
ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ื–ื•ืจื—ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื—, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืงื•ื“ื ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืกื‘ืจื• ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœืจืฆืฃ ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ื•ื™ืžื™ื: ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืจืฆืฃ ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™, ืžื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืืกื™ื” ื•ืขื“ ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืจืฆืฃ ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ. ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืืจืฅ ืกื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ (ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื) ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื’ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื”, ื•ืงืจื ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื™ืžื™ื. ื’ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ืืžืจ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืืœื•ืฉ ื•ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื“ืœืขื™ืœ.

ื”ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช
1. ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื
ืจื™ื”"ืœ ืžืกืžื™ืš ื›ืืŸ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” , ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘: " ืขื“ื™ื ื ืืžื ื™ื, ืขื•ืœื ื•ื ืคืฉ ื•ืฉื ื”" [ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื‘, ื•]. ืœืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืœืจืก"ื’, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ืงืืคื—]. ' ืขื•ืœื ', ื”ื™ื ื• ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื. ' ืฉื ื” ', ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืžืกื“ืจ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•. ' ื ืคืฉ ', ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืฉื™ืื” ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืจื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœื”. ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ (ื ืคืฉ), ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ (ื–ืžืŸ) ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช (ืขื•ืœื).
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื›ืœื ื• ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืงื•ื, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ('ืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•') ื•ืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ('ืื ื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ'). ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื’ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืคืชื— ืืœื™ื”ื•: " ืœื™ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืชืคื™ืกื ื‘ืš ื›ืœืœ" [ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื“ืฃ ื™"ื–].

 ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ

ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืžืžื ื• ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืฉื‘ืช?
ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืคืงื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื—ืจ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”?



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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” - ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืžื™ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœื”ืงื™ืฃ ืกืคืจื™ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื•ืชืžืฆื™ืชื™ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“. ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“!
ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™
ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il