ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ื•ื™ืจื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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15 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืžื‘ืฉืจื™ื ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื–ืงืงื• ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื‘ืฉืจ ื–ืืช, ืื—ืจ ืฉ-ื”' ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื–ืืช ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื‘ืข ืœื• ืžื•ืขื“ ืœื›ืš: "ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึตืœึตื“ ืœึฐืšึธ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืœึทืžึผื•ึนืขึตื“ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื”ึธืึทื—ึถืจึถืช" (ื™"ื–, ื›"ื). ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ืžืœืืš ื ืฉืœื— ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืืช ืฉืจื”, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืข ืžื–ื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœืฉืจื”. ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœืฉืจื” ืžืคืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื”. ื•ื–ื”ื• ื“ื•ื—ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ื•ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืชื‘: "ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ืืœื™ื” ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืžื—ืจ ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืข ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ื”' ืืœืงื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืื ื’ืœื” ืกื•ื“ื• ืืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื". ืœืคื™ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื•, ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœืฉืจื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืข ืฉืชืชื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”'. ืืœื ืฉืขื•ื“ ืงืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืจื” ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืฉืจื” ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืœืืš ืฉื ื“ืžื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื” ืœื”ืœืš ืชื™ืžื”ื•ื ื™, ืฉืจืง ืฉืขืฉืข ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ื ืื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื–ื™ื”ื” ืื•ืชื ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ื, ืฉืจื” ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ื ืกืชื ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆื—ืงื”). ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืœืžื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœืฉืจื”, ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ื”' ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฉืจื”, ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืœืืš ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืœืืš ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืกืชื ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืืžืŸ.
ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืฆื—ืงื” ืื• ืœื. ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉืจื” ื˜ืขื ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”, ืจื—ื•ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื—ืฉืชื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ "ืœื ื›ื™ ืฆื—ืงืช"; ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื– ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืฉืจื” ื ื›ืฉืœื” ื•ืฆื—ืงื”.
ืขื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืกื“ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื? ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืœื•ื˜, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื ืœืจืคื ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืœืืš ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉื ื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœ-ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืœื—, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืœืืš.
ืฉืืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื•ื˜ ื™ืฆื ืžืฆื•ืขืจ ืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ื•ืจ ืฉื? ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืขืœ ืกื“ื•ื, ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืื—ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื?
ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆื—ื•ืง ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืชื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ืชื• ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื—ืง: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึผึนืœ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืขึทืœ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง" (ื™"ื–, ื™"ื–). ื›ืฉืฉืจื” ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืืช ื”ืžืœืืš ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ื—ืงืช: "ื•ึทืชึผึดืฆึฐื—ึทืง ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืงึดืจึฐื‘ึผึธื”ึผ" (ื™"ื—, ื™"ื‘). ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—: "ืœึธืžึผึธื” ื–ึผึถื” ืฆึธื—ึฒืงึธื” ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื”... ื•ึทืชึผึฐื›ึทื—ึตืฉื ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืœึนื ืฆึธื—ึทืงึฐืชึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธืจึตืึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึนื ื›ึผึดื™ ืฆึธื—ึธืงึฐืชึผึฐ". ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื—ืชื ื™ื• ืœื”ืžื™ืœื˜ ืžืกื“ื•ื, ืœืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ: "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื›ึดืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื—ึฒืชึธื ึธื™ื•" (ื™"ื˜, ื™"ื“). ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ืงืจื ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง, ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ื”' ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจ ืœื• ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง. "ื•ึทืชึผึนืืžึถืจ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืฆึฐื—ึนืง ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืœึดื™ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืึนืžึตืขึท ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึทืง ืœึดื™" (ื›"ื, ื•'). ื•ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึทืชึผึตืจึถื ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึถืช ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื”ึธื’ึธืจ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึดื™ืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ืœึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง" (ื›"ื, ื˜'). ื’ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื• ืฆื—ื•ืง: "ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง ืึตืช ืจึดื‘ึฐืงึธื” ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึน" (ื›"ื•, ื—').
ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื›ืืŸ?

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ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœื™ืฆื ื•ืช
ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื?
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืคืชืขื”. ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ืื• ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื”ืคื•ืš ืžืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™. ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ืจ ื•ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฆื—ื•ืง. ืœื™ืฆืŸ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื, ืื• ืžืฆื™ื’ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื‘ืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ื™ื โ€“ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืื ื ืจืื” ืื“ื ืฉืœื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง ืื•ืชื ื•. ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ.
ืฉืžื—ื”, ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืฆื—ื•ืง, ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื•ื“ื• ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืืฆืœ ืื“ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ืชืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืช, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืžืกืžืœื™ื ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžืฉืœื™ื ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืขืžืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื—. ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ืขืžืœ ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™.
"ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึผึนืœ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืขึทืœ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง". ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฆื•ื—ืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน ื”ึทืœึผึฐื‘ึถืŸ ืžึตืึธื” ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื™ึดื•ึผึธืœึตื“ ื•ึฐืึดื ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ื”ึฒื‘ึทืช ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืขึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ืชึผึตืœึตื“?!" ื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ื•ื”ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฆื—ื•ืง. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฆื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืœื™ืฆื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื ื•ืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื•. ื ืคื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื™ืจืื”, ืื• ืœืชืคื™ืœื”. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฆื•ื—ืง ืฆื—ื•ืง ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžื’ื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”' ืื™ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื‘ืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื, ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืคืจืขื” ื—ื˜ืฃ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืฉืจื”, ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื’ื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ื•ืžืจื™: "ื•ึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื–ึธืงึตืŸ ื‘ึผึธื ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื•-ื”' ื‘ึผึตืจึทืšึฐ ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึผึทื›ึผึนืœ" (ื›"ื“, ื'). ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ืจืฉื• (ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื˜"ื– ืข"ื‘):
"ืฉืœืฉื” ื”ื˜ืขื™ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื” ื›ืœ" 1 .
ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืงืจื™ืช ืืฆืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื. ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ ืœืฉืœืžื•ืช ื•ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ื“ื”: ื”ื ืฉืืคื• ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžื ืœืคืกื’ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ืœืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืขื•ื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื›ื• ืœืฉืคืข ื’ืฉืžื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื•, ื”ืคืกื’ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœื™ื”, ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฆื—ื•ืง. ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืคืœื™ืื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ืžืœื›ื™ ืืจืฅ ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžื”ืื‘ื•ืช: ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืื•ืžืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื: "ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ืขึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึทืชึผึธื” ืขึนืฉื‚ึถื”" (ื›"ื, ื›"ื‘). ื‘ื ื™ ื—ืช ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• 'ื ืฉื™ื ืืœืงื™ื'. ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ, ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฆื—ืง: "ืœึตืšึฐ ืžึตืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึธืฆึทืžึฐืชึผึธ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ืžึฐืึนื“" (ื›"ื•, ื˜"ื–).
ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ื™ืฉื ื• ืฆื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจ. ืฆื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืœื™ืฆื ื•ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืจืฆื•ื™ ื›ืœืœ, ืขื“ ืฉื’ื–ืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืข"ื– (ื™"ื— ืข"ื‘): "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืœื•ืฆืฅ ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื”ื ื (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืขื•ื“). ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ืจืข ื›ื•ืœืœ ื—ื˜ืื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. 'ื•ื™ืงื•ืžื• ืœืฆื—ืง' ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ"ื‘, ื•'), ื•ืฉื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžืฆื—ืง, ื•ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ืจืฉื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ื "ื’) ืฉื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ืฉืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉืœืฉืช ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื:
"ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื—ืง ืืœื ื’ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืš ืžื” ื“ืืช ืืžืจ ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืืช ืœื ื• ืœืฆื—ืง ื‘ื™ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืจื” ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ ื ืฉื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื” ืื•ืชืŸ, ืชื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื”ืขื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ื™ืงื•ืžื• ืœืฆื—ืง ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืจื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฆื—ื•ืง ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื ื”ื™ืš ืžื” ื“ืืช ืืžืจ ื™ืงื•ืžื• ื ื ื”ื ืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื—ืงื• ืœืคื ื™ื ื•".
ืื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื˜ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื ืขืจ, ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื—ื ื›ื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื•ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ืžื” ื’ื ืฉื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”' ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ืงื•ืœ ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ืจืฉื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆื“ื™ืง, ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื ืฉืžืขื” (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื). ืืœื ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืฉืจื” ืจืืชื” ืืฆืœื• ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืืฉืช ืคื•ื˜ื™ืคืจ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื”: "ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ื ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ ืœึฐืฆึทื—ึถืง ื‘ึผึธื ื•ึผ" (ืœ"ื˜, ื™"ื“). 'ืฆื—ื•ืง' ื•-'ืฉื—ื•ืง' ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื (ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ืงืจื ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืง"ื”, ื˜' 'ื™ืฉื—ืง'). ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืžืฉื—ืง', ื’ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื, ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ ืฉืขืฉื•ืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™. 'ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื™ื”' ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื–ืžื ื• ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื. ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื•, ื’ื•ืจืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชืื•ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืขื•ื”"ื– 2 .

ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”
ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืฆื—ื•ืง ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื• ื”ืคืกื•ืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ื ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืืœ ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืœื™ืฆื ื•ืช, ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืœืขื’ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื; ื•ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืชืื•ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืฉื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื”ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ื™ืžืฉื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืœืฃ. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืžืชื•, ื•ืœื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™. ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขืœ ืชืื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ-ื—ืœื•ืฃ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืขื ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื•ืœื“ืœ ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื–ืจ ืœื ืฉืžื”, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื–ืจ ื•ืžื•ื–ืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื’ื•ืจื ืœืฆื—ื•ืง. ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื”, ืื ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืฉื 'ืฆื—ื•ืง' ืœืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื• ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืš ืžืฉืžื—ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”. ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง, ืœืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืชืขื”, ืžื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช. "ื’ึผึทื ื‘ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐื—ื•ึนืง ื™ึดื›ึฐืึทื‘ ืœึตื‘ ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืชึธื”ึผ ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ืชื•ึผื’ึธื”" (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™"ื“, ื™"ื’) 3 .
ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื—ื•ืœ. ื”ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ืื™ื‘ืจ ืฉืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง. ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ืก"ื ืข"ื‘): "ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืฉื•ื—ืง". ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืžืจื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืื“ื ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื”. ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคื ื—ืก ืจื›"ื– ืข"ื‘):
"ื•ื‘ืžืจื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืœื™ืœื™ืช ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื ื•ืชื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ื“ืื™ื”ื• ืขืฆื™ื‘ื• ืฉืื•ืœ ืชื—ืชื™ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืชื ื•ื—ืฉื•ื›ื ื‘ื›ื™ื” ื•ื”ืกืคื“ื ื•ืจืขื‘ื•ืŸ".
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื™ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ืง ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช?
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื™ืžืฉื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” 4 , ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื–ืจื” ืœื ืฉืžื”, ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช. ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืฉื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ืจืœ"ื‘ ืข"ื‘):
"ืื•ืงืžื•ื” ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืฉื•ื—ืง ื•ืื™ื”ื• ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื ืื•ืงืžื•ื” ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ ืœื• ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืขื” ืžืฉื—ืงืช ืœื• ื•ืงื”ืœืช ืืžืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืขืก ืžืฉื—ื•ืง ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืขืก ื“ื›ื‘ื“ ื“ืื™ื”ื™ ืžืจื” ืจืฆื•ืขื” ื“ืงื•ื“ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืขื” ืœืืœืงืื” ื‘ื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืžื ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืจืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื›ืชืฉื™ืŸ ืžืฉื—ื•ืง ื“ืฉื—ื™ืง ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื›ืœื•ื›ื ื“ื”ืื™ ืขืœืžื ื“ืฉื•ื—ืง ืœื•ืŸ ืฉืขืชื ื‘ืขื•ืชืจื".
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ื ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืžืืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ื›ืกื™ืœ. ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืื—ืจื™ื” ืืช ื™ืฆืจื™ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื• ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื—ื˜ื.

ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ
ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจ, ืฆื—ื•ืง ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื–ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื’ื‘ื”ื•. ื’ื ืฉืจื” ื ืชื‘ืขืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื“ื•ืžื”. ืฉืจื” ื ืชื‘ืขืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื“ืจื’ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืœื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื™ืชืจื” ืฉืจื” ืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ (ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื”) ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึนืืžึทืจ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐืžึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืงึนืœึธื”ึผ" (ื›"ื‘, ื™"ื‘): "ืžื›ืืŸ ืืชื” ืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ื˜ืคืœ ืœืฉืจื” ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืช". ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื ื• ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื ื“ืงื“ืงื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• 'ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืช' ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉืฉืจื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžืžืฉ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”' ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ืฉืฆื•ื—ืงืช, ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช ืœืื‘ืจื”ื (ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื— ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื). ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™"ื“ ืข"ื) "ื•ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื™ืกื›ื” ื–ื• ืฉืจื” ื•ืœืžื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืžื” ื™ืกื›ื” ืฉืกื›ืชื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืชืืžืจ ืืœื™ืš ืฉืจื” ืฉืžืข ื‘ืงื•ืœื”". ื’ื ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉ-'ืฉืžืข ื‘ืงื•ืœื”' ื–ื” ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ื”.
ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ื•ืื” ื–ื” ืžืกืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืื“ื ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•, ืชื•ืš ืขื–ืจื” ืžืœืžืขืœื”. ืฉืจื” ื—ื™ื” ืขื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช-ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื”, ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืืœื•ืงื™ืช, ืœืคื™ื” ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆืืช ื“ื•ืงื ืžืžื ื”. ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืขืงืจื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืชืฉืขื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชืขืžืขืžื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ืžื“ืจื’ืชื”, ื”ื™ื ื ืชื‘ืขืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื”, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืจืคื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”.
ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืชื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ืœื™ื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืคืงืคืง ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืืžื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ืžืฉืจื” ื”' ืžืฆืคื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ. ื”ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฆื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื. ืœืคื™ ืžื“ืจื’ืช ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื›ื–ื• ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืืžื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื›ืŸ ื™ืงืจื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ืœืคืขื ื‘ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ื›ืœ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ.
ื”' ืจืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื•, ื•ืœืฉืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”. ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ืœืฉืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืžืœืืš, ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘, ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืžื• ืขื ื‘ืขืœื”. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื›ืฉืฉืืœ ื”ืžืœืืš "ืึทื™ึผึตื” ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถืšึธ", ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื—ื‘ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืฆื ื•ืขื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื”ืœ, ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืœื”ืกื‘ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ืฉื™ื—ืชื, ื‘ืฉืžืขื” ืืช ืฉืžื”. ื”ืžืœืืš ืชืคืก ืขืžื“ื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืฉืจื” ืชืฉืžืข ืžืฉื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืฉืื•ึนื‘ ืึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึธืขึตืช ื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื‘ึตืŸ ืœึฐืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถืšึธ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืฉืึนืžึทืขึทืช ืคึผึถืชึทื— ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื•". ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ื•ื”ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื• โ€“ ื”ืคืชื— ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืœืืš". ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ื”ืžืœืืš ื ืขืžื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืคืชื— ื›ืš ืฉืฉืจื” ืชืฉืžืข, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืข ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ื•ืฉืจื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื–ืืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืžื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื”.
ื“ื ืขืงื, ืฉืฉืจื” ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ื—ืงืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื”ืชืขืžืขืžื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื˜ืคื™ื—ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื” ืขื“ ื›ื”. ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืืžื•ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืกืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืœืš ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื”. ื”' ืื•ืžืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืฉืจื” ืžื›ื—ืฉืช. "ืœึนื ืฆึธื—ึทืงึฐืชึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธืจึตืึธื”" ืžืชืคืจืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ืฉืคื—ื“ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื’ื”. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชื›ื—ืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื”. ืืš ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—. ืฉืจื” ื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ืฆื—ื•ืง, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฆื—ืงื” ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”' ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืืœื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžืขื• ืžืคื™ ืื“ื ืœื ื ืืžืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื”. ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื–ื• ื˜ืขื ื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช, ื•ื–ื• ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื 'ื›ื™ ื™ืจืื”' ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื“ืจืฉ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื›ื™' ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” 'ืืœื'. ืœื ืฆื—ืงืชื™, ืืœื ืื ื™ ื™ืจืื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžื–ืœื–ืœืช ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”', ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื, ืื ื™ ื™ืจืื” ืžืžื ื• ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ื•ื›ื•ื—ื•. ืืœื ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื•ื ื” ืœื”, ื‘ืžืกืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืž-ื”', ืฉืœืคื™ ื“ืจื’ืชื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืคื™ืœื” ื•ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ืžื–ืœื–ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ืจืช ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ื”. ื•ืื– ืฉืจื” ืœื ืžืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื•ื“, ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคื ื™ืžื” ืื•ืชื.

ืœื•ื˜
ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ืžืฉืš ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื ืžื•ืš. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ื™ื’ื•ืจืฉ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ืคืฉ ืœื• ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ืืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื ืฉื–ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜.
ืœื•ื˜ ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื”ึทื”ึนืœึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื" (ื™"ื’, ื”'). ื”ื•ื ื˜ืคืœ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืื—ืจื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื—ืจืŸ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. "ื•ึฐื’ึทื ืœึฐืœื•ึนื˜ ื”ึทื”ึนืœึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืฆึนืืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึธืงึธืจ ื•ึฐืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื". ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื’ืจืžื” ืœื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ืฆ"ื’ ืข"ื). ืœืœื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ืคืœ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืจื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืขื™ื, ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืื– ืœื•ื˜ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ื›ื˜ืคืœ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ื”ื™ืคืจื“ื•ืช ืžืื‘ืจื”ื ื’ืจืžื” ืœืœื•ื˜ ืฆืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืชื•ืฉื‘ ืกื“ื•ื, ื•ื ื–ืงืง ืœืขื–ืจืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื™ื—ืœืฅ ืื•ืชื•. ื•ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ืคืœ ืœืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืกึผึทืข ืœื•ึนื˜ ืžึดืงึผึถื“ึถื", ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ (ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ืจืฉ"ื™): "ื”ืกื™ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืžืงื“ืžื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืืžืจ ืื™ ืืคืฉื™ ืœื ื‘ืื‘ืจื ื•ืœื ื‘ื-ืœื•ื”ื•". ืœื•ื˜ ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ื— ื•ืื•ืžืจ "ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ืกึฐื“ึนื ืจึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึทื˜ึผึธืึดื™ื ืœ-ื”' ืžึฐืึนื“", ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืœื•ื˜. ื•ื’ื ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชื•ื•ื“ืข ืืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ.
ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืœืจื’ืข ื•ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื. ืžื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืœื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœื”ื? ืžื™ืœื ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื—ืกื“, ืืš ืžื” ืื›ืคืช ืœืื—ื“ ืื ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช? ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืจื—ื™ื?
ื ืจืื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื ืจืฆื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื•ื“ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืขื ื–ื”. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžื›ื” ื‘ื•. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื“ื ืจืฉืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืœื—ืฅ ืžื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ืจื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืœื‘. ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื, ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื˜ืจื“ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ. ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ืขืงื•ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืขืžื“ ืœืœื ืœื—ืฅ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืชืขืžื•ืœืชื™. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื—ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช, ื ื–ืงืงื• ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช. ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœืื˜-ืœืื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืœื‘. ืื ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ื—ืกื“, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื•. ืื ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื. ื”ืขื ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืกื“ื•ื ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœืœื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื›ื—. ื›ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืื•ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืœื ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ.
ื–ื• ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื ื—ืžื“ื” ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื›ืฉื›ื ื™ื: "ื•ึฐืœื•ึนื˜ ื™ึธืฉืึทื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึดื›ึผึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึถืึฑื”ึทืœ ืขึทื“ ืกึฐื“ึนื", ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžืฉ. ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ืฉืœื•ื˜ ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ืชืขืจื•ืช ืขื™ืžื”ื ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžื•ื ื” ืœืฉื•ืคื˜ ืฉื. ืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืžืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืžืืœื•ืงื™ื•, ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื“ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.

ืžื” ืฉื ื˜ื•ืข ืขืžื•ืง
ืืš ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืชื‘ืฉ ืœืœื•ื˜. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื ื–ืงืง ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื™ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ืžืœื›ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ืฉืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”', ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื•ืกืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ืขืœื™ื”. ื’ื ื‘ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืกื“ื•ื ืœื•ื˜ ืžื•ืฆื ืขืฆืžื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื. ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื• ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื™ืฆืœ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื–ืืช ื™ืคื” ืœื‘ื“.
ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืœื•ื˜ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืกื“ื•ื. ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ ืžืื‘ืจื”ื, ื›ื ืจืื” ื ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืœืขื™ืจ, ื•ืœื•ื˜ ืžื•ืฆื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื•ืกืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื‘ื™ื™ืื•ืฉื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื’ื ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืฉื ื›ืš. ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ื—ื•ืœื ื™, ืืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืฆื“ ืœื•ื˜. ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืชื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜ ืื™ืชื: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื”ึธืึถื—ึธื“ ื‘ึผึธื ืœึธื’ื•ึผืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึนื˜ ืฉืึธืคื•ึนื˜". ืืชื” ื’ึตืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืืชื” ืœื ืžืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ! ืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ื˜ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ื›ืžื• ืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืืฆืœื• ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ืจื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆืจื” ื‘ื• ื›ื ืจืื” ื ื˜ื™ืขื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื”, ืขืžื•ืง ืขืžื•ืง, ื•ืงืฉื” ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”.
ืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื—ืชื ื™ื• ืœืฆืืช ืื™ืชื• ืžื”ืขื™ืจ, ืืš ืœืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ. ื—ืชื ื™ื•, ื›ืฉืืจ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืžืขืฆืžื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ: "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื›ึดืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื—ึฒืชึธื ึธื™ื•". ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื, ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช-ื”ืื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื”. ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื•ืคื˜ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ื”ื ื—ื–ืง ืžื“ื™, ื•ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ืจื” ืœื”ื ืขื“ ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง.
ื‘ืฆืจ ืœื•, ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื•ื˜ ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ืจืง ืขื ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืื™ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืขืจ, ื•ืฉื™ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืขืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื•. ืœื”ืคืชืขืชื ื• ื”ืžืœืืš ืžืกื›ื™ื; ืืš ืœื•ื˜ ืžืชื—ืจื˜ ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืชื ื”, ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ โ€“ "ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธืจึตื ืœึธืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืฆื•ึนืขึทืจ". ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืžืžื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื? ืื•ืžืจ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœืกื“ื•ื". ื•ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื– ืžื” ืื ื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœืกื“ื•ื, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืจื‘ื”; ื•ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื”?

ื”ืคื—ื“ ืžื”ื”ืจ
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืขืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืœืืš ืจืžื– ืœื• 'ื”ื”ืจื” ื”ืžืœื˜', ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ืจ ("ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึตืง ืžึดืฉึผืึธื ื”ึธื”ึธืจึธื”"). ื”ืžืœืืš ืœื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืจื•ืžื– ืœื•. ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ืืš ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื•ื˜ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื“ืจื‘ื•ืŸ-ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืžื”ืžืœืืš ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœื“ืจื›ื•. ืืš ืœื•ื˜ ืžืคื—ื“. ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื“ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืชืงืข ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ืฆืจ. ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
"ืœื•ื˜ ืืžืจ ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืืฆืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืžืขืฉื™ ื•ืžืขืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ืจื™ ื•ืื ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืืฆืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืžืขืฉื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื—ืœืชื•" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™).
ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื”. ื”ื•ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื. ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื—ืง ืืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ืžืขื˜ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื•, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื ื—ื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืขืฉื•ืข ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช; ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืžืŸ. ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืžืื‘ืจื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžื“ืจื›ื•.
ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืœื•ื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื•ืœืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื”. ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื“ืื’ ืœืœื•ื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ื“ืจื›ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ื•ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจื™ื“ืชื. ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง (ื™"ื˜, ื›"ื˜): "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทื—ึตืช ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึดื›ึผึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื–ึฐื›ึผึนืจ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื•ึทื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึทื— ืึถืช ืœื•ึนื˜ ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึทื”ึฒืคึตื›ึธื” ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒืคึนืšึฐ ืึถืช ื”ึถืขึธืจึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืฉืึทื‘ ื‘ึผึธื”ึตืŸ ืœื•ึนื˜". ืœ-ื”' ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืžืืจื’-ืคืœืื™ื. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื•. ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืกื“ื•ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื ื”ืคื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืœืชื” ื–ืขืงืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฉื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืจ ื”ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื•. ืืš ื™ืฉื ื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืžืฉืชืœื‘ืช ื›ืืŸ. ืœืœื•ื˜ ื™ืฉ ืฆ'ื•ืคืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื: ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™, ืœื“ืฃ ื—ืœืง. ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื• ื“ื—ื™ืคื” ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื” ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื•, ื•ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช ืžื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืจื•ื™.
ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื‘ื ืœืจืคื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืืช ืฉืจื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ืฆืจื›ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข. ืืš ื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื‘ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืกื“ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืฉื ืžื˜ืจื” ืชื›ืœื™ืชื™ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™. ืกื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืืชื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืชืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืœื•ื˜ ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืกื“ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ื“ืื’ื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืžืขื ื•. ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื•ืœื— ืืช ื”ืžืœืืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืกื“ื•ื, ืœืžืขืŸ ืœื•ื˜. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžืœืืš ืฉื‘ื ืœืจืคื ืืช ืœื•ื˜, ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืจืคืื•ืชื•, ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื›ืš. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื•ืœื— ืžื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืฆืœื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ืœืœื•ื˜. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช.

ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
ืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืืžืฅ ื‘ืกื“ื•ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืขืจ, ืืš ืขื•ืฉื” ืคืฉืจื” ืขื ื”ืžืœืืš. ื”ื ืžืกื›ืžื™ื ืฉืฆื•ืขืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉ"ื™, ืชื™ื ืฆืœ, ื•ืœื•ื˜ ื™ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”. ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžืฆื•ืขืจ, ืžืจื•ื‘ ืคื—ื“. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื–ื”. ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื ืฉื™ ืฆื•ืขืจ. ืืžื ื ืกืืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืฆื•ืขืจ ืœื ื”ืชืžืœืื” ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืกื“ื•ื, ืืš ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช. ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืจืฉืขื™ื. ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžื›ื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืขืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื”-ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ืช ืœืกื“ื•ื. ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื” ืืช ื—ื•ืชืžื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืฆื•ืขืจ. ืœื•ื˜ ืžื•ืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืžืกื“ื•ื.
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืžืœืืš ื™ื“ืข ืฉื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื”, ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืชื• ืืช ืœื•ื˜. ืœื›ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืขืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืœื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื ื˜ืข ื‘ื•. ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ืจืื” ืฉืฆื•ืขืจ ื ื—ืจื‘ื”; ืื• ื‘ืžืœืืช ืกืืชื”, ืื• ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื”. ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ืœื ื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืš ืœื ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืกื‘ืจื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ; ื•ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ ืฆื•ืขืจ ื›ื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื? ืืœื ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืฆื•ืขืจ ื—ืจื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืžืœืืš ืจืง ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืจื‘ืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื ืš ืืช ืœื•ื˜.
ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™. ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžืฆื•ืขืจ, ืืš ืœื ืžืขื– ืœื”ืขืคื™ืœ ืืœ ื“ืจื’ืชื• ื•ืืœ ืงืจื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืฉืจ ืขื ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ืžืขืจื” ืกืชืžื™ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื ืจืข. ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื˜ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื“ ืœื•. "ืื•ื™ ืœื™ ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื™ ื•ืื•ื™ ืœื™ ืžื™ืฆืจื™" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืก"ื ืข"ื). ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืขืœ ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ืขืจืœื•ืช. ืœื•ื˜ ืžืชืžืกืจ ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื›ื™ื— ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืžื ื•ื—. ื’ื ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ืฉืขืฉืชื” ืœื• ื‘ืชื• ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื”. ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื™ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
ืœื ื ืืจื™ืš, ืืš ื ืจืžื•ื– ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ืชื• ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ื˜. ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื”ื•ื ืžื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“, ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืื‘ื™ื”. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื”ื•ื ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื”ืฉืคืขื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืชื‘ืข ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื•ื˜ ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื— ืžืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื›ื” ื‘ื• ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืฉื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ืœื ื™ื’ื™ืข ืขื“ ื‘ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืืš ื ืฆื ื•ืฅ ืžืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื—.

ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืจื•ื˜ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืืช ื”ืจื‘
^ 1.ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืขื•ื“.
^ 2.ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืคืขื ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฆืจ ื—ื–ืง ื›ืžื• ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช, ืขื“ ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจื ื“ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืœ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืง"ื‘ ืข"ื‘.
^ 3.ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื”, ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื›ืืŸ ืœืฉืžื—ื” ืคืกื•ืœื”, ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฆื—ื•ืง, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•. ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืฆื—ื•ืง' ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ืžื™ืœื” ื ืจื“ืคืช ืœืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ืคืš โ€“ ืฉืฉืžื—ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืœื” ื ืจื“ืคืช ืœืฆื—ื•ืง. ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืš ื“ืจืš ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื.
^ 4.ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืœืชืื•ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืœื ื“ื. ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ื›"ื‘): "ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ืืžืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืืกืจืชื™ ืœืš ื”ืชืจืชื™ ืœืš, ื“ื ื”ื ื“ื” ืืกืจืชื™ ืœืš ื”ืชืจืชื™ ืœืš ื“ื ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ื... ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ โ€“ ื”ืชืจืชื™ ืœืš ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ, ืืช ื”ื“ื โ€“ ื”ืชืจืชื™ ืœืš ื˜ื—ื•ืœ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืžืœื ื“ื, ื•ื”ื˜ื•ืขืžื• ื˜ื•ืขื ื˜ืขื ื“ื. ื•ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคื ื—ืก ืจืœ"ื‘ ืข"ื‘) ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ืžืคืกื•ืœื•ืช ื“ืคืกื•ืœืช ื“ื›ื‘ื“ ื ื˜ืœ ื˜ื—ื•ืœ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื“ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœื˜ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื•ืข, ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืกื•ืœืช. ื”ื“ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช: "ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึทื ึผึธืคึถืฉื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™"ื‘, ื›"ื’), ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ืืš ื”ื˜ื—ื•ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื“ื“ื™ื• ื”ืชืื•ื•ืชื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืกื•ืœื™ื.
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ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืจื•ื˜

ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจ 'ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”'
ื•ื™ืจื
ื•ื™ืจื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
     ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il