ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช

ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืฉื’ื™ืื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืื• ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”-PDF ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
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10 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจืฉื”
ื•ึผื ึฐืชึธื ึธื ื“' ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึถื ืœึธื”ึถื ื›ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื... ื—ึดื–ึฐืงื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดืžึฐืฆื•ึผ ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึฐืื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึทืœ ืชึผึทืขึทืจึฐืฆื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื [ืœื ื”, ื•].


"ืื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืžืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื, ืื•ืชื ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื”ื ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ืฉื”ื–ื™ืง ื”ื ืฉืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืกื•ื“: ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ืœืš ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืชื• ืื–, ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ืืœื” ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช, ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื”. ืžืœื—ืžืช ืงื™ื•ืžื, ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืื•ืžื”, ืžืœื—ืžืช ื“' ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช. ืขื–ื™ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื•ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ืขืžืง ื”ื—ืฉืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืกื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืข, "ื’ื ื›ื™ ืืœืš ื‘ื’ื™ื ืฆืœืžื•ืช ืœื ืื™ืจืข ืจืข". ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ื ื ื•, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ืงืงื™ื ืœื”, ืžืฉืชื•ืงืงื™ื ืœืืžื•ืฆื, ืœื›ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืฉ, ื”ืื™ืชืŸ ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืง, ืฉืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื. ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื–ื•, ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžืชืืžืฅ ื•ื›ื— ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื ื• ืžืชืขื“ืŸ, ื•ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื• ื›ื™ืžื™ ืขื•ืœื" [ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, 'ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื' ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื• ืคืกืงื” ืงื’].

ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื“ โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ
ืขืœ ืขื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื ืžืกืจื• ืœื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืžืคื™ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ื ื–ื™ืจ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืจื‘ ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื–"ืœ. ื•ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ืจื—"ื™ ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ืžืืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ:
ืคืขื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• (ืืช ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื–"ืœ) ืขืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื "ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืืชื ืžื™ื˜ื”ืจื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืืชื›ื" [ื™ื•ืžื ืคื”:], ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”. ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™, ืฉื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื”, ื›ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืื”ื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื›ื•' ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืื—ื•ื•ื”".
ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืฉื ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืฉื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช "ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ", ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ื•ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžื ืœืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื–ื•, ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืื ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื ื• ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข ืœืฆื“ื™ืง, ื•ืœื™ืฉืจื™ ืœื‘ ืฉืžื—ื”", ืฉืกื•ืคื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื”ื ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื•ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื•ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืงื™: ืจืฉ"ื™ ื“"ื” ืฉื‘ืงื™ื”: "ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ") ['ื ื–ื™ืจ ืื—ื™ื•' ื—"ื ืขืž' ืœื“]. ืื‘ื™ืš' ืคืจืง ื' ืคืกืงื” ื—'].

ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”
ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื™ืคื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ (ืกื‘ื• ื–ืงื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”)

ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•
 ืžื—ืžืช ืฆื•ืง ื”ืขื™ืชื™ื ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•, ืœื ื ืฉืชืžืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ (ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ืงืจื: ื“ื‘ ื‘ืขืจ). ืžื—ืžืช ืฉื›ืš, ื ืืœืฅ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื•, ืื•ืชื• ื ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.
ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืงื "ื–, ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื’ื–ืข ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืคื” ื‘ืขืœ ื”'ืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื'. ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœืžื“ ืืฆืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉืจืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ื™ื ื”ื: ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื˜ืขื‘ื™ืœ โ€“ ื”'ื ื—ืœืช ื“ื•ื“', ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืงืจืœื™ืŸ โ€“ ื”'ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘', ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžืกืœื•ืฆืง, ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ื•ื ื“ืœ ืžืกืœื ื˜ ื•ืขื•ื“. ืืฆืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ืœืžื“ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืฉ"ืก ื•ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื”ื ืกืชืจ.
ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืื•ื˜ื™ืืŸ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉ"ืก, ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืœื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” [ืกืคืจ 'ืฆืžื— ื“ื•ื“' (ืœืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื’ื™ื ื–) ื—ืœืง ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื“ืคื•ืก ื•ืจืฉื ืชืจืœ"ื— ืขืž' ืจื™ื–]. ืืš ืจืง ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ ื ื“ืคืกื• (ืข"ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืžืžื™ื ืกืง) ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืชื•ืจืชื• โ€“ ืœืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื” ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื• โ€“ ืœื ื ืฉืชืžืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
ื–ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœื ื˜ื•ืข ืืจื‘ืขื” ืืจื–ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืœื ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘, ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ืœืžืŸ, ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื•ืื—ื“ ืฉื–ื›ื” ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ โ€“ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืื‘"ื“ ืจื•ื–'ื™ื ื•ื™, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžืจื•ืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื• ื•ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ [ืกื™ืคืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ].
ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืงืค"ื˜, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื, ื ืคื˜ืจ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ, ื›ืฉื‘ื ื• ื”ืจืž"ื’ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืชืฉืข. ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื ื’ืจืžื” ืžืจื•ื‘ ืฆืขืจ ื•ื›ืื‘ ืœื‘ ืขืœ ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ืงืื ื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื (ื”ื—ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื™ื•ืกื ืœืฆื‘ื ืœืฉื ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช), ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืœื ื ืœื™ื“ ืงื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื–"ืœ.

ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ, ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืืจื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข, ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ "ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš" ืืช ื“ืจืฉืช ื—ื–"ืœ [ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื“.] "ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื™ืฆืจื™ืš", ื•ืื—ืจื™ "ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš" โ€“ "ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืช ื ืคืฉืš", ื•ืื—ืจื™ "ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื•ื“ืš" โ€“ "ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืžื•ื“ื“ ืœืš ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื•".
ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ ืจืื™ื” ืžื’ืžืจื ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช, ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืžื•ืคืœื ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื’ืื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื”ืคืกืง, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•ื”ื• ืœื”ืจื™ื’ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื”ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื [ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื:], ื•ื”ื ื” ื ืืžืจ ืฉื ื‘ื’ืž' ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: "ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืขืœ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืช ื ืฉืžืชืš, ืืžืจืชื™ ืžืชื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืงื™ื™ืžื ื•" ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžืฉื ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกืง [ื•ืขื™' ืจื"ืฉ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืค"ื‘ ืกื™' ื' ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื–ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืง ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื”].
ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ืจื‘ื• ื”ื’ืจ"ื—: "ืืช ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœื™ืžื“ืชื™ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ!" ['ืคืจืงื™ ื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ' ืขืž' 15. ื•ืขื™ื™"ืฉ ืขืž' 20].

ื’ื“ืœื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”
ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ. ื’ื ืชื•ืจืชื• ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื›ื™ "ื‘ืคืœืคื•ืœื• ื™ืœืš ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื–"ืœ" [ืกืคืจ 'ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ' (ืขืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืžื•ื™ืœื ื) ื—"ื ืขืž' 412, 'ืคืจืงื™ ื•ื•ืœื•ื–ื™ืŸ' ืขืž' 15 ืขื™"ืฉ, ื•ื‘ืขืž' 21 ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืคืœืื™ื ืขืœื™ื•].
ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžืกื›ืชื•ืช ืกื“ืจ ืžื•ืขื“. ื•ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื‘ื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืกื›ืช ืขืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื”, ืคื ื” ืจ' ื™ืฆ'ืœื™ ืืœื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืฉืœื— ืœื• ืืช ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื• ืœืžืกื›ืช ื–ื•, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ['ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื”' ืขืž' ืงืœื•].
ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจ' ื–ืœืžืœ'ื” ืœื’ืจ"ื
ื“ื• ืฉื™ื— ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ, ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื™ื•ื“ื™ืœ ื”ืœื•ื™ ืขืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ:
"ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืฉ"ืง ืœืขืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื ืชื’ืœื’ืœ ืžืืžืจ ื—ื–"ืœ [ืจ"ื” ื™ื–.] ืœืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ืžืจืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืžื•ื•ืœืื–ื™ืŸ. ื•ื ืขื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ ื‘ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื• ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืจืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ' ื‘ืขืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืจืขืฅ ื•ืžื•ืจื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืจื™ืฃ ืžื•ื”ืจ"ื“ ื˜ืขื‘ื™ืœ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžื“"ื ื“ืง' ืžื™ื ืกืง, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื•ื–"ืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘, ืคืจื ืก ื”ืžืชื’ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืŸ ืช"ื—. ื•ืืžืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ ื‘ื–ื”"ืœ: ื•ืžื™ื ื”, ืื ื”ืคืจื ืก ืžืชื’ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืŸ ืช"ื—, ื•ื”ืขื“ ื”ื ืืžืŸ ืข"ื– ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืืจื™ ืื‘ื ื–"ืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื ืก ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ืขื ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืงื•ืœื• ื•ื ื”ื’ ืคืจื ืกืชื• ื‘ืจืžื” ื›ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืืœื•ืคื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ื”ืคืจื ืก ื‘ืจืืฉื ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืข"ืค ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ื›ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ืžืฉืจืชื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื ื’ื•ืข ืืš ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœื‘ืข"ื‘ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืขื ื™ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ื ื ืžืฉื™ืžื™ื ืœื‘. ื‘ื™ื“ืขื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืขื™ื–ื• ืคื ื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืจื ืก ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืืจื™ ืื‘ื ื–"ืœ ื”ืฉื’ื™ื— ื‘ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืžืก ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื—ืจื“ื• ืขืžื• ืžืคื ื™ื• ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื–ื›ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืŸ ืช"ื— ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืช"ื— ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืื—ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื–ืœืžืœ'ื” [ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืกืคืจ 'ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื“ื'] ื•ื™ืชืคืœืื• ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื’ื” ื›ื–ื•. ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืขืจ ื–"ืœ ื”ื "ืœ ืžืง' ื˜ื•ืจืขืฅ: ื"ื› ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ื–"ืœ ืžื•ื™ืœื ื?
ื•ื‘ืฉืžื•ืข ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ืฆื”ื‘ื• ืคื ื™ื• ื‘ืœื”ื‘ ืืฉ, ื•ื™ืขืŸ ื•ื™ืืžืจ: ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ ืื—ื™ ืจ' ื–ืœืžืœ'ื” ืืœืฃ ืฉื ื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจืกื•ืœื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื–"ืœ.
ื•ื™ืชืœื—ืฉื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืืžืจ ืืคืฉืจ 'ื‘ื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช'. ื•ื™ืขื ื” ื‘ื’ืขืจื”: ื’ื ื‘'ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืช'! ื•ื™ืฉืชื•ืžืžื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืคื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื•ืคื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ืงืงื™ื. ื•ืื™ืš ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืืœืฃ ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงืจืกื•ืœื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื–"ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืจื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืื—ื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื–ืœืžืœ'ื” ื”ื "ืœ ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื›ื–ื• ืืฉืจ ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ื "ืœ.
ื•ืชื”ื™ ื“ืžืžื” ื›ืžื” ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ื•ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื‘ืจืื•ืชื• ื–"ืœ ื”ื“ืžืžื” ื•ื”ืชืžื”ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืืžืจ: ืžื” ืืชื ืžืชืคืœืื™ื, ื”ื ื” ื”ืงืืคื™ื˜ืœ (ืคืจืง) "ืืฉืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืชืš" ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื’' ืคืขืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ืืฉืจื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืงื™ืื™ื ื›ืงื˜ื•ืŸ ื›ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื›ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื›ื”ืžื•ื ื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืžืขื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื—ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืง' ืจ' ื–ืœืžืœ'ื” ื–"ืœ ื”ื "ืœ ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื ื’ืœื” ื•ื‘ื ืกืชืจ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื•ื‘ืข"ื—, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื™ ืจ"ื– ื‘ืงื™ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืืžืจ ื‘ืข"ืค ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื›ืžื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘'ืืฉืจื™'. ื”ืื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืช"ื— ื ืคืœื?
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืืœ ืœื”ื‘ืงื™ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืืžืจ ืข"ืค ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžืชื—ืœืช ืœืคื ื™ ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”' ืœื›ืœ ื•ื’ื•', ื”ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื“ื 'ื—ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื—ื•ื' ื•ื’ื•' ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื™ื‘ืช 'ื—ืกื“'. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื• ื‘ื‘ืจื”ืž"ื– ืฉืื™ื ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื"ื‘ ื™ืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื”ื ืฉืืœ, ืื• ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืœืจืื•ืช.
ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื–"ืœ ื™ื“ืข ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ื”"ืง ื‘ื ื’ืœื” ื•ื‘ื ืกืชืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื–ื” ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”!
ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื–"ืœ, ืื– ื™ื“ืขื• ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืขืจืš ื”ืžืกืคืจ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื–"ืœ, ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ื–"ืœ"[ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืคืจ 'ืกืขืจืช ืืœื™ื”ื•' ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื•, ื•ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืฆืื” ืื—ืจื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื "ืœ (ื‘ืขืž' 38)].

ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืงืจ
ืกื™ืคืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืงืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ื•ืงื–, ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื•ืจืืช ื”ื•ื“ ื•ืžืจืฉื™ืžื”. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื• ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื’ื“ืœื”, ื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš. ืืฆืœ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืงืจ. ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื— ืืช ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ, ืฉื™ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ืขื ืกื•ืกื™ื, ื•ื™ืกืข ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ื™ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืฉื ื™ืจื•ืฅ ืžื”ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืชืืจื— ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืงืจ ื•ื™ืจืฆื” ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื. "ืืชื” ืชืขืœื” ืžื™ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืžื” ื•ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื” ื•ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืคืขืชื•", ื”ื•ืจื” ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื•. ืžื™ื™ื“ ื ืกืข ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ืืžืจ. ืืžื ื, ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ืฉืœ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื, ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืขืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื, ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข [ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ 'ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื’ื•ืืœืช', ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืœืฉื™ื ืœืš ืงื“ื•ืฉื”].
ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ, ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืจ' ื ื—ื•ืžืงื” ืžื”ื•ืจื“ื ื (ืจื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”'ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื'). ื•ื›ืš ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœื™ื•:
ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืข ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ืจืขืฅ ื ืžืฆื ื’ืื•ืŸ ืื“ื™ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื•, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื•ืืœืื–ื™ืŸ, ื”ืœืš ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืžืงื•ื‘ื ื ืขื“ ื˜ื•ืจืขืฅ, ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ืคื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื•ืจืฆืขืจ, ื‘ืื•ืžืจื• ื›ื™ ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช ื‘ืคื™ื”ื•, ื ื—ืœ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ืžืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืžื•ื™ืœื ื ['ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ' ื—"ื ืขืž' 412].

ืชื•ืจืชื• ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื•
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจืง ืžืขื˜ ืžื–ืขื™ืจ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ื ืฉืชืžืจ, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆื™ื˜ื˜ื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืฆืืฆืื™ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื”ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื ื•- ื ื›ื“ื• ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื™ืคื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”:
"ื›ื™ ืืจืื” ืฉืžื™ืš ืžืขืฉื” ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื™ืš. ื™ืจื— ื•ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื›ื•ื ื ืชื”, ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชื–ื›ืจื ื•, ื•ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื“ื ื•" [ืชื”ืœื™ื ื—. ื“ ื”] ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”: ื›ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉ ื•ื›ื•'" ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืืžืจื• ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” [ืฉื‘ืช ืคื–], ื•ืื™ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืงื•ื“ื?
ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื•ื— ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืจ' ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ื“"ืง ืจืื–ื™ื ืื™, ื‘ืฉื ืื‘ื™ื• ื–ืงื ื• ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ ืžื˜ื•ืจืขืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ. ื›ื™ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ. ื”ืจื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ื™ืชืขืœื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื"ื› ืœืžื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื–ืง ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืœืงืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืงืŸ? ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชืงื ื” ื—ืก ื•ื—ืœื™ืœื”. ืืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ื™ืชืขืœื” ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืงืœืงืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืœืžื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืชืงืŸ.
ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช: "ื›ื™ ืืจืื” ืฉืžื™ืš ื•ื›ื•' ื™ืจื— ื•ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื" ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืจื— ื ืชืŸ ืœื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ "ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชื–ื›ืจื ื•" ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืœืžื•ื“ ื"ืข ืžื–ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ['ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื”' ืขืž' 472].
ืคื ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืชื•ืจืชื• ืžืฆืื ื• [ื‘ืกืคืจ 'ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“' ืœืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื™ืง] ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ื‘ืงืฉืชื ืžืฉื ืืช ื“' ืืœื•ืงื™ืš ื•ืžืฆืืช ื›ื™ ืชื“ืจืฉื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš", ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืฉื•ืืœ ื•ืžืชืžื”:
ืคืชื— ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื: "ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื" ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“: "ื•ืžืฆืืช"? ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืžืจื•ืžื– ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• [ืจ"ื” ื™ื—.]: "ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ื—ื•ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ืœื’ืจื“ื•ื ื•ื“ื™ื ื ืฉื•ื•ื”. ื–ื” ื™ืจื“ ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืจื“, ื–ื” ื ื™ืฆืœ ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœ, ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ื ืขื ื” ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœื ื ืขื ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื–ื” ื ืขื ื” ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขื ื”? ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” (ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื”) โ€“ ื ืขื ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืœื ื ืขื ื”". ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื™ืง ื•ืื•ืžืจ: ื•ื‘ืงืฉืชื ืžืฉื ืืช ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ืš, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื‘ืงืฉื• ืืช ื“', ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช: "ื•ืžืฆืืช", ืืชื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืชืžืฆื ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืชืš, "ื›ื™ ืชื“ืจืฉื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš" โ€“ ืชืคื™ืœืชืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื•ื ืคืฉ ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื–ื›ื™ืช ืฉื ืชืงื‘ืœื”.
ื›ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืืช ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ 'ืขื˜ื•ืจ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื' (ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ), ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื•ืœืคืจืกื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื• ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ. ื”ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจโ€“ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ (ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื›ืž"ืค ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืื‘ื™ื•), ื•ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื™ืžื• ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• [ืขื™ื™ืŸ 'ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”' ืื’ืจืช ื' ื•-ื‘', ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ 'ืื’ืจื•ืช ืœืจืื™"ื”', ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, 14]. ืœืฆืขืจื ื•, ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื›ืš ื ืื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ. ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ืœื•ื–ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืจืคื• ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื›ืชื‘ื™ื, ื•ืฉืืจื™ืชื ื ืฉืจืคื• ื‘ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื‘ืกืœื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.

ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชื• ืขื ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ื•ื ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœืžื“ ื•ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืืช ืจื‘ื• ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื• ื•ืขื–ื™ื‘ืชื• ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช.
ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื” ื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ืชื•, ืคื ื” ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื” ื’ื“ืœ ื•ืฆืžื— ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ, ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื˜ืจื ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืคื˜ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”. ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืฉื‘ ืื—ื“ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืจ' ื ื—ื•ื ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื•ืฉื ื” ืืช ืคืจืงื•. ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื ืฉื ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ืœ"ืข ื‘ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื ื”, ืงื•ืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื”ื ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืจ' ื ื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื‘, ื•ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•. ืงื ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืžืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ื”ืœืš ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ืœ. ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืœื•ืžื“, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื™ืจ ืœื™ืžื™ื. ืžื™ื™ื“ ืฉืืœื• ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ: ื”ืื ืคื ื•ื™ ืืชื”? ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”: ื›ืŸ. ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ: ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื˜ื™ืืŸ ืื ื™, ื”ืื ืชืื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื™? ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืจ' ื ื—ื•ื: ื›ืŸ. ื•ื ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ืœืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื™ืงื— ืจ' ื ื—ื•ื ืืช ืคืจื™ื“ื ื‘ืชื™ื” ื‘ืชื• ืœื• ืœืืฉื”, ื•ืชืœื“ ืœื• ืืช ืจ' ืฉืœืžื” ื–ืœืžืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ, ื•ืจืฉ"ื– ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืžืจื ื“ืืจืขื ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ [ืžืคื™ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืื™"ื”. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ 'ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”' ืื’ืจืช ื' ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืœื“ื•ื“ื• ื–ืงื ื• ืจ' ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” ื”ื "ืœ. ืข"ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืคืจืงื™ ื•ื•ืœื•ื–ื™ืŸ ืขืž' 24].

ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ
ื‘ืื’ืจืช ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืœื“ื•ื“ื• ื–ืงื ื• ื”ืจืž"ื’ ื™ืคื”, ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื“ื•ื‘ืขืจ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืจื—ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื•:
"ื•ื”ื™' ื ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ื“ืจ ื’ืื•ืŸ ื–ืงื ื™ ื–"ืœ, ืื‘ื•ื” ื“ืžืจืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื, ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืขื“ื™ ืœืคืงื“ื ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื ื™ ื‘ืชืคืœื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื™ื—ื ื ื™ ื“' ื“ืขื” ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื”"ืง ื•ื™ืจืืชื•, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืื‘ืงืฉ, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื” ['ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”' ืื’ืจืช ื'].
ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ืข"ื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจ ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช. ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืจื•ืช: [email protected].
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ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื

ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”
ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il