ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื
  • ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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20 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืœืš ืฉืฉืœื— ื’' ืžืื ืฉื™ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืกืชืจ ืืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืฉื ืจืื• ืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืชื—ืงื™ื ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืกื•ื“ื•.
ืฉืœื™ื— ืื—ื“ ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื ื•ื“ืข ืœืฉื•ื ืื™ืฉ, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืกืชืจ. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.
ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื ื ื–ื”ืจ ื›ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื ืชืคืก ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื›ืคื•ืชื• ืฉื™ื’ืœื” ืœื”ื ืืช ืกื•ื“ื•. ืืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืžืœื˜ ืžื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”.
ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืฉืœื ื ื–ื”ืจ ื•ื ืชืคืก ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื ื•ื ื’ืจืžื• ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืขื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ืืœื ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืฉืžืฅ ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื• ืžืขื ื™ื• ื•ืžืฆื™ืงื™ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื” ืœื”ื ื›ืœื•ื, ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื‘ื“ืขืชื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืžื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืžื• ืฉื•ื ืกื•ื“ ื›ืžื•ืก ื•ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื”ื• ืœืœื›ืช.
ื›ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืžืฉื, ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืคืจืก. ื”ืœืœื• ืืžืจื•: ืœืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืฉื›ืจ ืจื‘, ืฉืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื›ื ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืžืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœ. ื•ื”ืœืœื• ืืžืจื•, ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ื™ื™ืฉืจ ื›ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื”. ืืš ื”ืžืœืš ื’ื–ืจ ืื•ืžืจ, ืฉืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืžื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืกื‘ืœ ืขื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื• ืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืกื•ื“ ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืื™ืœื• ืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื’ื•ื“ ื‘ืกื•ื“ื• ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื , ื”ื™ื• ืžืขืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ื–ื• ืจืื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืช.
ืืฃ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ืžื”ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉื“ ื‘ื”ื ื›ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืืš ื”ื ืžืชื—ืžืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžืคื— ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ื™ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ื•ืคื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื ืคืฉื ืžื”ื. ืืœื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืžืขืœืชื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.


ืกื™ืคื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื (ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜). ืืœื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ื•ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืœืžืžืฉ ืื•ืชื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ. ืืžื ื ื”ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืœืš ืขืฆืžื•, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื’ืœื• ืืช ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš.
ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ืงืจื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ืกื•ื“, ืืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื’' ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”, ืžื” ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœืš ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื—ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืžื” ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื“. ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.

ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื•ื“
ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืœื— ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช. ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื? ืžื” ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื”ื?
ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™. ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืžืžื™ืœื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช, ืืœื ืžืขื™ืŸ "ืฉื‘ืœื•ื ื•ืช" ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื•, ืืœื• ืฉืœืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืืžื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ืฉื ื” ื ื˜ื™ื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ืœื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื“ื•ืงื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช, ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื•, ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืœื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื‘ื”.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื ืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืข ืืœื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ืืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžืžืฉ ืื•ืชื” 1 .
ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืฉืœืžืขื ื” ื”ื ื‘ืื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืœืžืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•. ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืืœื™ื” ื ืฉืœื—ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื? ื ืจืื” ืฉืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืื—ื“, ื™ืฉื ื• ื’ื ืžืœืš ืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื "ืžืœืš ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื›ืกื™ืœ" 2 , ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืืš ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืžื•ืœื•, ื•ื”ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืฉืœื— ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—.
ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื—ืœืง ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ืœืš ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืžื™ืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžื”ืœืš ืื—ืจ, ืžื”ืœืš ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืžืžืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืžื™ื˜ ืืกื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื, ื•ื”ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืš ื•ืจืง ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช. ืœื›ืš ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื–ื”, ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ื“ื•ื—ืฃ ืื•ืชื•, ืžื” ื”ืื™ื“ืืœื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ื•.
ืžื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“.
ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื’ืœื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื? ืืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉื“ื•ืงื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืชืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืื•ืชื•, ืืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืืœื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืฉืคืขื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืžื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืœื ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ, ืžืžื™ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืชื’ืœื’ืœ ืœื™ื“ ื–ืจื™ื, ืฉืœื ื™ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื™ืขื•ื“, ืืฉืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ืžืงื“ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”', ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ื›ืœ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืืš ืื ื”ื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื, ืžืžื™ืœื ืจืง ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื ื™ื•ืจื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.

ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
ื›ืžื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืžืงื•ื, ื›ืœ ืฉืœื™ื— ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื• ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืกืชืจ, ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืกื•ื“, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื™ืขื•ื“ ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ื•.
ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื—ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื—ื›ืžื” ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช, ืœื ืœืชืช ืœื” ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืื“ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื” ืžืขืœื™ื”, ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื’ื”.
ื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ, ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžื•ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื”ืขืœื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืฉืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœื• ืœื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื™ืฉ ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ื” ืขืœื•ื ืฉืืฃ ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื• ื•ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื• ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืขื ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœืขื•ืœื, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืกืชืจ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื™ืจ. ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื, ืืš ื‘ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฃ, ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื• ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืš ื“ืจื›ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื”.
ื”ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ื˜ื™ืคืฉื•ืช, ืื™ื ื ื” ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื” ืืœื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื•ื—ืฆืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื™ื ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื•ืœืช ืืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœืžื”, ืฉืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœื” 3 .
ืคืขืžื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืืœื™ื•, ืฆืจืš ื”ื•ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื”, ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœื–ืจื•ืข, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื•ืจืข, ืืš ื”ื–ืจื™ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.
ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื™ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื”, ื™ืจืื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›ืื“ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืขืจืš, ืื“ื ื—ืกืจ ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื“, ืืš ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ืคื ื™ื ืžืื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืคืขืœื•ืช ืžื”ืื—ืจ, ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ื•ืœื ืœืชืช ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื›ืžื”, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช, ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื”ื”ืกืชืจ ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ "ืœื”ืกื—ืฃ" ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ.
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืคื ื™ื ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื•, ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืชืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ืœื ืœืชืช ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื™ื™ืš ืืœ ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื•.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ื‘ื“ืจืš, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื•, ืžืžื™ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ืชืจ, ืœื”ืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืชืžืกืจื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื•, ื–ื” ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช, ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื ืฉืœื— ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื. ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืขืงื™ืฃ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืกืชืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžืชืžืกืจ ืœืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืืœื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื•.

ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื›ื ื›ืžื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื. ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื”ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื— ืžื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื— ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•.
ืืžื ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื›ื ื›ืžื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื•, ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžื”ื.
ืืžื ื ืชื—ื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืื“ื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” "ื•ืืœ ืชื‘ื™ืื ื• ืœื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ..." ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื›ืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื•. ืื“ื ื”ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืื‘ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื“ืขืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ.
ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ืœื–ืจื•ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืชืขืžืช ืขื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืืœื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื” ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื ืกืชืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืืœื ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
ืืžื ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ืคื™ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื•, ืฉืœื ืจืื” ืืช ื”"ื ื•ืœื“", ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ื•, ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืจื•ื—. ืžื” ืฉื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืš, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืื™ื ื ื” ื›ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืืœื ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ื—ื”, ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืืžืช, ืืš ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืคืชื— ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช. ืืžื ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื‘ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ื–ื• ื™ืฉื ื” ื ืคื™ืœื” ืžื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ืืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืชื— ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ื”ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช, ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช.
ืื ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื• ืืœ ื“ืจืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”', ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื”ื• ืื“ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืขืฆื ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ืžืขืฆื ื˜ื‘ืขื•, ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžืฉืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืœืš. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืงื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื• ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœื• ืืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืืœื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืงื™ืข ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืฉืœื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•, ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื‘ืจื•ื—, ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื ื”ืžืงื•ืœืงืœืช, ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขืžื”ื ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจื•ื—. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืžื ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืืš ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื•ืจื—. ืœื›ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.

ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื›ื ืžื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื“, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืชืคื™ืกื”, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื’ื™ืœื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืืœื™ื•.
ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืืžืช ืกื•ื“ ืžื”ืžืœืš.
ืจ' ื ื—ืžืŸ ืขืฆืžื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœื• ืืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื•ืืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืฆื•ื ื™, ืื™ื ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืืœื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืืœื™ื•, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ืœื›ืš ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
ืฉืœื™ื— ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื™ื–ื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืš ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“, ื”ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืงืฉื” ื•ื›ื•ืื‘ืช, ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื ืฆืขืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉืจ ื ืžื ืข ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช.
ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืœื ืื”ื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ืฉืœื ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ืืš ืื“ื ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื•. ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• 4 . ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืžืขืžื“ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžืขืœืชื ื”ืขืœื™ื ื” 5 . ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจื• ืœื›ืš, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื•, ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื• ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืœืžืœืš.
ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื ื™ืฆื— ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื ืœื”ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ืœื ืชืง ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•. ืžื’ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื›ืœื•ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื‘ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ืืฆืœื• ืืš ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื•, ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืš ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืืฃ ืžืคืชื— ืื•ืชื•.
ื”ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืง ืื•ืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœืš, ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื•ื™ืชืงืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื–"ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื.

ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉ
ื ืจืื” ืฉืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ื ืฉืœืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื, ืฉืœืฉื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉื™ืฉื ืŸ ื‘ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืคื™ ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืจืฉืขื™ื. ืืžื ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืจ' ื ื—ืžืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืš, ืืš ืœื ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื ื‘ืจืจ ืืœื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ื™ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืžื•ืฉืš ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื•ื—ืฉ ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืืช ืกื•ื“ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ืืš ื’ื ืื•ืœื™ ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื” ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืืœื• ืœื•' ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื, ืื™ื ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืš ื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื ื•ื‘ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื 6 .
ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืขื ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืืœื™ื•, ืืฃ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืืš ืขื ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชืžื•ืชื•, ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื•, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืื ื™ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื•, ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืชืจื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืžื“, ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื™ืคืชื— ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื•. ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจื” ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื• ืืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื›ืœื•ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื”. ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื”.
ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ืื“ื, ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ืืฉืจ ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื”. ื ื•ืชื ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืœืื“ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื‘ืืžืช ืžื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉื›ืŸ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืงื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืขื™ืŸ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื 7 .
ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ื”, ื•ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืงื ื” ืœื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ืืžื ื ืœื ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืืš ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื”, ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
ื”ืจืฉืข ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ื˜ื ื•ืฉื•ืืฃ ืืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื, ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ, ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื”, ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืžืœืš, ืœื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฉืข ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“, ืืš ื”ื•ื "ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืงืฉื”" ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื• ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืกื•ื“ ื•ื™ืฉื—ืจืจื• ืื•ืชื•.
ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืื•ืชื” ืืš ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืขืžื” ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš, ืืš ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืžืžื™ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืœื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืคืชื— ื‘ื• ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช.
ืื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื™ืฉืœื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืฆืขื“ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืžืขืฆื ื”ืงื•ืฉื™. ืขืฆื ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืชืคืชื— ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืืฉืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ. ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืื—ืจ ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš. ื‘ื›ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ืืœ ื”' ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžื’ืœื” ืจื•ื‘ื“ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ืงืฉืจ ืืฉืจ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื ืชืง, ื”ื•ื ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.
ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืข, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื ืคืฉื• ืฆื“ื™ืง ืžื•ืคืœื’ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ. ืœื›ืš ื”ื ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืกื•ื“ ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ืื™ืชื•.
ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื™ืฉื ื ืืœ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื™ืฉื ื ืœืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืืš ืื•ืœื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื ืœื ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื•ืœื ืงืœ ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื” ืืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืœื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื›ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื›ืœืœ ืืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืŸ, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ื•ืœื ืœืชืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืื“ื ื ื›ื ืก ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื‘ื“ ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื”' ื•ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
ืืžื ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืื™ื ื ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืืš ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉืชืœื‘ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ. ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืื“ื, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ืฉื›ืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืืš ืœื“ืขืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื” ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœื™ื• ื—"ื•, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉื‘ืœื ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื™ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื™ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ.
ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ืฉืœื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื™ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœืžืขื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”', ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืฆืืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœ ื”'.

ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœืš
ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื”, ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื”ื.
ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืงื•ืœืงืœืช, ืืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”, ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื‘ืš ื‘ืกื›ื ื•ืช, ื•ื—ื•ืœืฉืชื• ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื’ืจืžื” ืœื• ืœื›ืš. ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉื ื™, ืืš ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.
ื›ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื™ ื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืืฃ ื›ืš ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื• ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืฉืžื”, ื›ืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ื”ืื™ื“ืืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžืฆื ืืฆืœ ื”ืื“ื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื•, ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืœื ื›ืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ื‘ืœื ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื ืคืœืื” ืžืื“, ื•ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื” ืืœ ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืืœืฆืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื. ื”ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืฉืื•ืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื”ืจืชื•, ื”ื™ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืชื ืชืง, ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื”ืขืœื ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื ืกืชืจ, ื ืกืชืจ ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•.
ืืžื ื ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ืื™ื ื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ื, ืืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ื›ืจ ื”ืกื•ื“, ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืืจ ืขืœื•ื ืืš ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืืœื™ื•.
ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืœื“ืจืš ื–ื•, ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืœื—ืกื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืืœื™ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”', ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืžืื“.
ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืขืœืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉืœ ืื™ ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืืœื• ืืฉืจ ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ืืœื• ืืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื, ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื‘ืื™ื“ืืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš.
ืืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืช ื•ื‘ืชืžื™ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืฉืื•ืคื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืชืชืื™ื ืœืจืฆื•ื ื•, ื•ืชืชื ื”ื’ ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ืชื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืง ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื‘ื— ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช, ื‘ืชืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืชื•ืงืŸ.
ื”ื›ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื‘ืื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉื ื ื‘ืืžืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืืฉืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ืืš ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœื™ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืชืคื™ืกื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืจื‘. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืœืจื“ืช ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืชื•ืคืก ื‘ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืื“ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืชืคื•ืก ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื”ืื—ื™ื–ื” ืฉืœื•. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื ืชืง ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžื”ื‘ื•ืจื. ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืขืช ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื, ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
ืืš ื”ืžืœืš ืขืฆืžื• ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื• ืจืื•ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื›ืœืœ, ืฉื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืžืชืจื—ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœืš, ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื ืก ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ื–ื•.
ืืš ื”ืžืœืš ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจ, ืจื•ืื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืชื’ืœื” ืงืฉืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืชื’ืœื” ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”. ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืœืš, ื”ืจื™ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืฉืคืข ืจื‘, ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื›ื•', ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืขื“ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื’ืœื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืื—ื•ื– ื‘ื•, ื•ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืžื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•, ืืžื ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื•, ืืš ื–ื”ื• ืžื—ืกื“ื™ ื”', ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืœื ืžื” ื”ืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื•, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืœื”, ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื• ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช.
ืืžื ื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืื“ื ืœื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช, ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ืืŸ, ืขื“ ืื™ื–ื” ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข. ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• "ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื", ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช, ื”ื™ื ื˜ื•ืžื ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืกื‘ืœ ืจื‘, ื•ืืฃ ืื•ืœื™ ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช ืœื ืงืœื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ื”ืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ืื“ื ืœื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื• ื ื•ืœื“, ื™ื•ืจื“ ืžืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœ ืขื•ืœื ืขื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืขื ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ืชืื•ื•ืช, ื™ืฆืจื™ื, ืคื™ืชื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื•' ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืืฃ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืœืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืื“ื ื–ื”.
ื‘ื›ืš ืžืชื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื™ื— ื—ืœืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืš ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉื ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืืฉืคืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืžื•ืง ืžื”ืฉื›ืœ. ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื–ื” ื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื›ืœื™ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื–ื”.

ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืื“ื
ืื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืฉื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืืฉืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื•. ืืš ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื•ื•ื— ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ืœื›ืš ืื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข?
ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”"ืžืจืื”" ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืœื ืคื•ืขืœ. ืืš ืจืื™ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื›ืœ ืขื•ืœื ืคื ื™ืžื™, ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื“ืžื” ืœืืžืช ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ื— ืจื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœื”ื›ืœื ื‘ื•, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื• "ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื ื•". ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ื ื›ื ืก ืžืขื˜ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“ ืฉื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ื”ืื“ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชืชืŸ ืœื• ืžืงื•ื.
ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืจืจืช ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืืฉืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืกื•ื“ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืจื‘, ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชืงืฉืจ ืืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืžืžื” ื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ื ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
ืื ื”ืื“ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื ืฉื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžืžืฉ, ืฉืจืง ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื™ืฉื ื” ื—ื™ื•ืช. ืืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืคืฉ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื™ื ื•ืง ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืืš ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืžื”.
ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืชื’ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืœื˜ ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ืจืง ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชืžืกืจื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื•.


^ 1 ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืกื•ืœื•ื‘ื™ืฆ'ื™ืง ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœื”, ืฉืœื ืžืงื•ืจื” ืจืง ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืืœื ื’ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืคืจืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
^ 2 ืงื”ืœืช ืจื‘ื” (ื•ื™ืœื ื) ืคืจืฉื” ื“ ื“"ื” ื [ื™ื’] ื˜ื•ื‘
^ 3 ื›ืš ื’ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขื ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืฉืจ ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืื”ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ืื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืชืคืืจืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืขืฉื™ื•, ืืœื ื”ื™ื ืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื” ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจ. ืขืฉื™ื• ืื•ืœื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืœืœ ืžื” ื ื‘ื ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘, ืืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืื™ื“ืืœ ืฉืœื•, ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘, ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืคืขืœ, ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื’ื“ืœื•ืชื• ืืœื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืชื” ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืœืœื‘ืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
^ 4 ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”' ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืื“ื ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœืžืžืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื™ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืชืขืœืœื•ืช ื—"ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืจื•ืฆื” ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืœื ื™ืคืขืœ ื›ืš ืขืžื•.
^ 5 ืื•ืœื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื–ืืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืืœืžืœื™ ื”ื›ื• ืืช ื”ื ืขืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื ื“ื ื™ืืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืžืขืžื“ ื•ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืฆืœื, ื•ืคืœื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื“ืœื•ืชื ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœื ืก ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืืฃ ืื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืฉืœื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ? ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืื“ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืกืชืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืœื ืขื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืจืง ืื ืžื•ื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืžืžื•ืช.
^ 6 ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืชืื™ื ืืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”"ืชื ื™ื" ื›ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื›ืœ ื ื˜ื™ื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืœืš.
^ 7 ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• "ื‘ื“ื” ืœืš ื“ืช" ืฉื”ื“ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืœื™ื‘ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžืžื ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช. ืืžื ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื” ืืš ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ืจืชื” ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืžืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื™ืฆืื” ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื›ืคื™ืจื” ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช.
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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